Lesson 7: Dynamics of the Earth and interactions with its environment

It is a pleasure to be here as your tutor. I hope that the classes are to your liking and that you can learn much more about our home, Planet Earth.

In this seventh class the topic will be the dynamics of our planet and the interactions it has with its environment, that is, the Solar System.

Our planet has a dynamic that arises thanks to its shape, tilt of its axis and its movements. All these characteristics, which affect the distribution of solar rays, will be explained below:

As everyone knows, the planet is round, which causes the existence of a different distribution of sunlight in each part of it.

The sun's rays are reflected much more obliquely as they approach the poles, which is why there are low temperatures in those places. This means that due to the shape of the planet, there are different climates, a variety of plant and animal life.

The planet is tilted with respect to the orbit at about 23 degrees and 27 minutes. If an imaginary line is drawn by said inclination, the terrestrial axis is obtained. This characteristic of the planet allows the origin of the astronomical seasons and changes in the length of days and nights throughout the year.

The planet makes movements that allow days and years.

It is the one that makes the planet rotate around the terrestrial axis. The duration of this movement is 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4.09 seconds, which gives rise to the "day" as a unit of time.

Thanks to this movement, at the same moment, one part of the planet is daytime and the opposite part is nighttime.

It is that movement that makes the Earth revolving around the Sun and following the trajectory of an orbit.

This movement lasts 365 days, 5 hours, 48 ​​minutes and 45.68 seconds, thus originating the natural unit "year".

This movement is essential for the existence of the stations of the hemispheres when they are located at different points of the orbit.

As we had learned in previous classes, one of the characteristics of systems was the interaction between their components. Although the movements of translation and rotation are one of these interactions, there are other phenomena that I will mention below:

1.Solar Wind: This phenomenon is caused by hydrogen ions that travel from the solar corona. This affects the climate and magnetic conditions of the planet.

2.Aurora Borealis: They originate from the interaction of solar winds and the planet's magnetic field. They affect satellite and radio communication, and even produce magnetic changes.

3.Tides: They are generated by the gravitational attraction of the Earth with the Moon. As a consequence of this, the descents and ascents of the sea water take place.

4.Sunspots: They are due to high temperatures and various solar phenomena, which cause interference in radio communications.

5.Eclipses: There are two types: Solar Eclipse and Lunar Eclipse.

-The Solar Eclipse: It is rare and occurs when the Moon and the Sun coincide on the same side of the Earth, in such a way that the Moon interferes between the Sun's rays and the Earth. This causes partial or total obscuration of the Sun.

-The Lunar Eclipse: This phenomenon is much more common and originates when the Sun and the Moon are on opposite sides at an angle of 180 degrees and separated by the Earth, which is located in the center. Because the planet is larger than the Moon, it can be partially or completely obscured.

🌍 Physical book. Mi Planeta Tierra 2. Author: Prof. Jorge Lösch. Salesiana Editorial.

🌍 Physical book. Ciencias de la Tierra 5to año. Authors: Daniel Requeijo and Alicia de Requeijo. Editorial Biosfera.

🌍 Earth's axis

Make a post containing the following:

1.Explain how the shape of the earth affects the incidence of the sun's rays.

2.What is the difference between rotational and translational motion?

3.Explains the phenomena that prove the interaction of the Earth with its environment.

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