They strengthened the spirit of the Phoenicians, their entrepreneurship, and their faith in themselves, because in the shipping industry, human will and activity are of paramount importance, not nature and its generosity. Conclusion of geographic determinism as a whole: Undoubtedly, the geographical environment and nature plays a definite role in the life of man and society, but this role is not the same of the different degrees of their development. In the era of anthropology and sociogenesis, for example, nature has indeed had a fundamental and decisive meaning in the dual sense of the word.

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First in the sense that it has given material subject to evolution and secondly in the sense that it has provided the conditions of this evolution. However, after the emergence of man and society, the direct interference of nature in people's lives is weakening (or even discontinuing). The measure of this interference, so to speak, begins to be set by man, depending on the degree of development from his own productive forces. For example, in the primordial-communal system, large rivers, seas and oceans have been a serious obstacle to the development and expansion of economic life. They have frightened people, and to the extent that the latter have not been able to deal with them, they have not treated them as any human or social value.

Later, however, when the power of man grows, these water bodies cease to be a side and impersonal development factor. They are gradually colonized and included in economic life / irrigation, transport ... /. Once included in the activity of the people, however, these elements lose their status as extra-public / ie. become natural / and acquire a status of public factor ie. of such a natural factor that man has already made his productive power. On the other hand, however, careful consideration of the geographical location of different countries shows that there are nations of varying degrees of development in the world, including at the stage of the generic system. The question arises what has delayed the development of these peoples? Obviously, this can not be explained entirely by the trivially used argument of the colonized politics of developed countries because some of these peoples have been discovered only in recent decades. The answer should be sought in the specifics of the surrounding environment.

It is a matter of the fact that a given environment can not only stimulate human activity but also to keep it back and delay. Usually, this activity manifests itself and unfolds where nature is so to say at the same time and sufficient and insufficient to secure life.

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part 8