Redefining of the Kilogram - Kilogramı Yeniden Tanımlamak

in #tr7 years ago (edited)

Hi Everyone;

We use a number of reference measures in life. Seconds to measure time, meters for length, kilograms for weight, and so on .. Do you have any idea why 1 kilo tangerine is 1 kilo? How was the amount of the right kilogram determined?

Herkese Selamlar

Hayatı sürdürürken birtakım referans ölçüler kullanırız. Zamanı ölçmek için saniye, uzunluk için metre, ağırlık için kilogram vesaire. Hiç düşündünüz mü 1 kilo mandalina neden 1 kilodur? Peki kilogramın miktarı nasıl belirlendi?

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In 1795, the mass of water at 1cm3 at melting point of ice, was defined as "gram". However, due to the fact that the trade was made with larger masses and the water was not available and unsuitable, water-based definition was abandoned. In 1889, a cylinder of 39mm diameter platinum and iridium was produced, equal to +4 centigrade and 1 dm3 water weight. This object, called "La Grande K" at the General Conference on Weight and Measures, was accepted as the international prototype of kilograms(IPK).

1795’te 1cm3 erime sıcaklığındaki suyun kütlesi, “ gram” olarak tanımlandı. Ancak ticaretin daha büyük kütlelerle yapılması ve suyun unstabil ve uygunsuz olması nedeniyle su temelli tanımdan vazgeçildi. 1889’a gelindiğinde +4 santigrat 1 dm3 suyun ağırlığına eşit, 39mm çapında platinyum ve iridyumdan meydana gelmiş bir silindir üretildi. Ağırlık ve Ölçüler Genel Konferansı’nda “La Grande K” olarak adlandırılan bu cisim, kilogramın uluslar arası ptototipi (IPK) olarak kabul edildi.

image

Six copies were produced and sent to different parts of the world. Today, there are nearly forty copies in many states. Every 40 years, copies are compared with IPK. The original IPK and 6 copies are now stored at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures.

Altı kopyası üretilerek dünyanın değişik yerlerine gönderildi. Günümüzde birçok devlette kırka yakın kopya bulunmaktadır. Her 40 yılda bir kopyalar IPK ile kıyaslanarak kalibre edilir. Orijinal IPK ve 6 kopya bugün Uluslar arası Ağırlık ve Ölçüler Bürosu’nda muhafaza edilmektedir.

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Kilogram is one of the seven basic units of SI Measurement System. Many units such as Joule, newton, pascal, watt, tesla, .. are defined on kilograms. It has been observed in recent years that the IPK has lost its weight by about 50μg. In 2007, a scientist named Peter Mohr came up with the idea of redefining the kilogram in his article 'Redefinition of the Kilogram: A Decision Whose Time Has Come'.

Kilogram, SI Birim Sistemi’nin yedi temel biriminden biridir. Joule, newton, pascal, watt, tesla,.. gibi birçok birim kilogram üzerinden tanımlanır. Son yıllarda IPK nın safsızlaşarak ağırlığının 50µg’ını kaybettiği görüldü. 2007’de Peter Mohr adlı bir bilim adamı ‘Redefinition of the Kilogram: A Decision Whose Time Has Come’ adlı makalesinde kilogramın yeniden tanımlanma zamanının geldiği fikrini ortaya attı.

image

Nowadays it is planned to make a definition based on the physical constants such as Planck’s constant or Avagadro number.
Using these values, an amount corresponding to 1 kg of a precise element or photon will be calculated by experiments. Thus the kilogram will be defined as a value due to a physical constant. If successful, it is planned to accept the new definition in 2018.

Günümüzde Planck sabiti veya Avagadro sayısı gibi fiziğin sabit değerleri temelinde bir tanımlama yapılması planlanmaktadır. Bu değerler kullanılarak kesin bir elementin veya fotonun 1 kg a karşılık gelen miktarı deneylerle hesaplanacak. Böylece kilogram, fiziksel bir sabite bağlı bir değer olarak tanımlanacak. Eğer başarılı olunursa 2018 de yeni tanımın kabul edilmesi planlanmakta.

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Science continues to remind us that the horizons that our previous knowledge has reached us are not the ultimate.

Bilim, önceki bilgilerimin bizi ulaştırdığı ufkun nihai olmadığı devamlı hatırlatmaya devam ediyor.

References:

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/science-kilogram-redefined-mass-measurement-revolutionised-john-pratt-nist-national-institute-a7826296.html
http://www.physics.org/article-questions.asp?id=114
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilogram
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0026-1394/42/2/001/meta
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/units-measure-are-getting-fundamental-upgrade
http://selfstudy.in/iemsgenphyunitdimension.aspx

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