Some hints on the electric power industry you should know.
In 1947, Claude Beck played god during a chirurgical operation.
As a doctor he was used to save people. Weather it was the right treatment at the right time or a bypass in an artery, he usually got home every day knowing that one person was still among us because of his dedication and good work.
That night, Claude, during an operation, changed the destiny of that infarcted heart by using an electrical device called defibrillator. Applying electrical current to the heart ended up prolonging the life of that patient.
Electricity has become something essential in our life. Who would have told Tesla that seventy years after his dead the electricity would be bought, sold and traded, as it would be a kilogram of oranges.
Electricity is a commodity
The Electricity it is as a Commodity, meaning that it is a good that is been produced in mass by men although there is a huge amount of it in the nature.
Bids and offers are cleared by the market operator resulting in profits or losses. This market has its own particularities due to the nature of the commodity. Electricity is difficult to store. Demand and supply changes continuously. Therefore Electric companies are forced to have a number of engineers and mathematicians who work on demand forecast.
This people predict the use of the electricity in the short and long term taking into account different parameters as temperature and economic activity. If the next day the temperature if going to be high in certain regions that means that the energy required to supply energy to all the air conditioning devices will be higher than normal.
Electricity Industry evolution.
Historically the electric business is been a natural monopoly. That means that the transmission, supply and generation of the electricity is been provided by just one vertical integrated company and it didn´t have any competitors in a specific geographical area. This usually happened as well with the water services. In these network industries it would be very inefficient to develop and operate parallel infrastructures to transmit the electricity or water.
Today, the natural monopolies have been evolved into regulated network industries where companies compete to get a piece of the cake from the different legs of the electric industry table: Generation and retailing. The transmission and distribution remains as natural monopoly.
Generation of electricity
Turbines: 40% of all electricity on earth is generated with steam turbines where water is boiled by coal burned in a thermal power. There are also nuclear fission turbines (around 15% of all electricity on earth). And also renewables steam turbines where the steam is generated by biomass, solar energy or geothermal power.
There are also turbines generating electricity without steam. They work with gas where combustion does the job, with water where the energy is captured from the movement of water and wind where the wind moves the turbine.
Electric power transmission.
The electriticy is moved from the generation plants to electrical substations. The electricity is transmitted at very high voltage and the conductor is mainly aluminum.
For a given transmitted power the higher the voltage the lower the current is lost and therefore the lower energy loses due to the Joule Effect.
Where P is is the power
I is the current traveling trough the resistor of other element
V is the voltage drop across the element
(Energy dissipated per unit time) = (Energy dissipated per charge passing through resistor) × (Charge passing through resistor per unit time)
Electric power distribution
This is the final stage of the process where the electricity is delivered to customers. The voltage is reduced from hundreds of thousands to 127 V in EEUU or 220 V in most of the countries in Europe
Electric retailing
This is quite new. In the last 25 years there is been a deregulation of the electric markets where companies buy electricity on the whole sale market facing the price volatility and sale it to the customers. In order to reduce the risk exposure of this volatility they can edge the risk by signing different types of financial contracts.
Nowadays, customers can choose different suppliers, including those where the electricity is been generated from renewable energy like solar power or wind power
FUTURE:
There are two tendencies at the moment:
The supergrid tendency.
Also known as super grid. A huge network that connects all countries over the world in HVDC (high voltage direct current. This would lead to a world where all countries would have electricity.
(http://www.friendsofthesupergrid.eu)
A world where the sahara dessert would be filled with solar panels and the north see filled with off-shore wind farms and this energy could be transmitted in real time to all places where the energy is required.
Distributed generation.
This tendency is a breakthrough because the adoption of this tendency would mean the change of the electrical business, as we know it nowadays. It would lead to the end of electrical companies if they don´t adjust their business lines. Here, there are many points of electricity generation.
Almost in every house, electricity would be generated trough solar panels or they will be connected to local wind farms.
The batteries to store electricity have been improved recently being the Tesla Company one of the mains driving forces for this technology.
The adoption of the electric cars would also play a significant role.
Cars could act as electricity storage and generator devices providing electricity to the network when necessary.
This new era would lead to Smart Cities
Electrical Companies have been predicted that by year 2050, electricity would be generated and sold at a very local level. They will need to adjust their business activities. For example focusing on the creation of micro-grids if they don´t want to lose the train.
Actually, not a bad article. You complained in your other post about no one upvoting this or maybe even reading it. Part of the problem may be the tags you are using. One is steemit. Why use that? Everything here is steemit, isn't it? So it doesn't tell me anything. And I could make a case that using that tag should be reserved for articles about the platform. I'll grant you science. Not sure what academy has to do with anything. It has nothing to do with steem other than that you're hoping to get some. And the last one, writing, is also generic and not really the topic of your post. I would have used "electricity power power-generation tesla smart-cities". I don't know that this would have gotten you any more upvotes, but at least the keywords would be on point. Last but not least, maybe people just aren't interested in electricity and you have to look for another subject? This platform is still evolving and growing. As with anything long term, though, don't try it once and decide it doesn't work. There are not very many best selling authors whose first attempt at writing launched them to fame. They simply persevered.
Thanks for the words!! Ill take all of them as good advices
E encontrado este articulo de casualidad mirando tus cosas y es bastante bueno, un poco largo quizas por eso pocos lo leieron, la mayoria de las personas estan todas muy ocupadas tienen mil cosas en la cabeza estan a todo y aunque algo pueda ser interesante como este articulo lo es no hay tiempo para leerlo en este momento y de hay llega la postergacion de... ya lo mirare despues jajja o algo asi.
pienso que esa es una de las razones aunque mirando el resultado no esta nada mal, 43 votos y 11 visualizaciones? porque eso es poco?, claro en realidad pudiera tener mas pero aun asi mal no esta, no no nada mal, e compartido en algunos de mis post algunas cosas como por ejemplo mi propia musica que me a llevado a crear cada tema uno o dos meses y tambien e recibido muy poca visibilidad trabajar 1 o 2 meses en algo para eso se hace un poco frustrante aunque no me quejo porque al menos e recibido algo, pero sabiendo el potencial que tiene este sitio y la gran cantidad de usuarios que hay miles de miles pues recibir nosotros solo 20 o 50 visitas pues se hace un poco flojo.
sobre tu post hay algo que me choca, es sobre la electricidad de corriente continua de alta tension, en realidad la corriente alterna se usa porque al ser alterna tiene menos efecto magnetico en los conductores(ahora no recuerdo bien como se llama ese efecto) que son los que hacen que tengan perdidas por trasnsformacion en calor por efecto joule.
por eso se vio hace ya muchos años que la alterna era mas adecuada para usar en largas distancias, con la continua tendria mucha caida de tension.
a mi el tema electricidad, electronica y todo lo relacionado me encanta es uno de mis hobbyes.
saludos y feliz 2018