Research Methods in Sociology

Research Methods in Sociology

Research Methods

The methods of research used by sociologists differ from one another, depending on the type of researcher, the nature of the research, the possibilities available and other factors, and the most popular methods used; the comparative historical method, the experimental and the descriptive method, the results are limited to descriptive, or may go beyond analysis and interpretation.

Research Methods in Sociology

Historical Approach

• This approach is used when considering the change in the network of social relations and its evolution and transformations.

• Used when making comparisons between different cultures and systems.

• Among the most important sources of social research are official and public personal documents.

Descriptive method

• Is one of the most appropriate approaches to social reality and its characteristics.

• Through which it can cover all the dimensions of the reality that is identified on the map, and describe the phenomenon related to this reality accurately.

• The descriptive approach is based on steps:
  ° Choose the basic social unit that is the basis of the studied topic.
  ° Discover the appropriate method for measuring the quantity of the various elements that make up the unit.
  ° Examine the various factors that will influence the organization of the functions of the studied phenomenon.
  

• The stages of descriptive research are:

  ° The stage of identifying and formulating things.
  ° The stage of diagnosis and description is profound.

• The things that represent the scientific method in descriptive research are as follows:
  ° Population and social status of individuals.
  ° Know the number of births and deaths.
  ° Descriptive research such as data and information that increases the knowledge of the necessary aspects, which are related to research.

Experimental method

• Experience is the methods and processes by which a scientific hypothesis is validated.

• Experimentation is the ability to provide all necessary and appropriate conditions for the work of an experiment.

• A systematic approach must be taken to collect the necessary evidence and evidence in the process of proof.
  

• The steps of experimental research are as follows:
  ° Identify the problem that the worker wants to face and solve.
  ° Formulation of hypotheses related to the problem.
  ° Identify independent search factors.
  ° Identify the changing factors of the search.
  ° Identify the necessary and necessary conditions for project control and control.

Comparative Approach

Scientific fields that are subject to the following comparative research include:

• Study the similarities and differences between the main forms of social behavior.
• Studying the growth and development of different personality patterns.
• Study of psychological and social trends in different societies.
• Studying different models of political, economic, social, humanitarian and other organizations.
• Studying different social systems, such as marriage, divorce, etc.
• Study the system for more than one society, and then work to compare these communities with each other to see differences and similarities and others.
  

By Chadou Kamel Abou Zer