"Let them eat cake" - Of A.I. and Men

in #philosophy7 years ago

“Will there ever be a true artificial intelligence?” Andrew asks.

“I don’t know. It may be better to not have a smart machine.” I reply warily.

“Why? Afraid that you’ll end-up as a battery?”

“I don’t know . . . How will we even know a program is sentient?”

“What? You’ve never heard of the Turing test?” Andrew is truly surprised. I guess, I come off as smarter than my actual intellectual capacity.

“You forget that I am not one of you technocrats, lost in CPUs and UBS drives. “

“ . . . UBS? Oh, USB!” Andrew shakes his head in pity, “sometimes, I wonder how you survive in the modern world. I half-expect to find you poring over scrolls under a candle-light.”


Alan_Turing_Aged_16.jpg

Alan Turing, born June 1912 to upper class British society. He shocked the sensibility of his preparatory school instructors with his inordinate affinity towards mathematics, rather than the proper education of the classics. Joined Government Communications Headquarters, in 1938, and became instrumental in the deciphering of the Enigma coded messages. Contributed significantly to the fields of computers, mathematics, and biology. Convicted of “gross indecency,” in 1952. Lived under house-arrest and chemically castrated. Died due to cyanide poisoning, in 1954, either due to accident or suicide, cause still under debate. (Data gathered from Wikipedia)

The Turing test, as Andrew explains it, tests the capacity of a machine to convince the user of its intelligence. An interesting example was a box with a man giving out Chinese logographs to people who input queries in Chinese logographs into the box. The man does not understand Chinese, but has an instructional manual to respond to every logograph inquiry. The box, then would be considered to speak Chinese. Essentially, the Turing test seems to be an evaluation of the susceptibility of the user in perceiving the interactive machine as being sentient. The test is not a test of the machine, but of the man using the machine; perhaps the term “artificial” intelligence belies the human assumption that the “intelligence” is not “genuine.”

The artifice of intelligence enslaving humanity makes for a great plot devise for fiction, but the more probable negative interaction with thinking machines would be man’s intellectual dependence on machine thinking. Man’s past stands witness to man affecting nature with tools, which in turn affect his nature. The plow allowed for agriculture, resulting in semi-dependable food-source from one area, which in turn changed man from a nomadic to a sedentary creature. The use of the horse, allowed for expansion of man’s influence to greater horizons, which in turn allowed for the sedentary man to return to the nomadic life. The spear allowed for man to become the dominant predator, which in turn led to his becoming other men’s prey. Does the hand wield the sword, or the sword define the swordsman?

“Mankind has only one science . . . it’s the science of discontent,” observes Frank Herbert. The discontented man invents new tools and ideas to improve his lot. The tools allow for expansion of his limits, which in turn, creates new avenues of discontent to be sown. Man’s curiosities lead to luxuries that evolve into necessities which end in addiction.

The Medieval Christian concern regarding nature of sin led to the sacrament of confession/reconciliation that gave rise to Indulgences. Pope Urban II used plenary indulgences to fuel his call for the First Crusade, sowing the seed of Western Christendom’s psychic shift. The beneficiary of the plenary indulgences were later expanded to include mercantile and upper peasant classes, who could contribute money to the Crusading effort. Eventually, the entire economic activity of Western Christendom centered on the sale of papal indulgences, as kings and dukes were granted shares in the indulgence revenue. The Indulgences fueled the construction of the magnificent St. Peter’s Basilica, a massive 120 year infrastructure spending project involving thousands, if not tens of thousands, of financiers, artisans, craftsmen, laborers, and transporters. Western Christian theology evolved around the tool of Indulgence -shift in emphasis from canonical to temporal punishment, increasing centralization of papal authority, conceptual development of a “spiritual treasury” from which the pope dispenses pardons, concretization of “purgatory” as a space-time event, etc. Over-reliance on a single tool can even influence conceptual framework in divine matters.

Current use of intelligent algorithms involve mostly archival and retrieval functions. As the luxury of data becomes increasingly accessible and available to expanding classes of users, the necessity of the archivist becomes increasingly prominent in our society. In the past, this function was delegated to the literati, colonizing the various agencies of a political or a mercantile bureaucracy. Much of the human conceptual framework of the world depend upon data prioritization according to interpretation of relevance. In the modern era of infinite data competing for attention, the modern man relies increasingly on the archivist’s analysis to reach his conclusions. That the archivist function is now mostly delegated to intelligent algorithms presents a challenge and danger to human thinking. How will the human psyche shift, now that the intelligent machines are replacing human analysis?

Intelligent machines are omnipresent entity in our modern society. Currently, the machines do not even require human input to provide data to the intended user, as increasingly, the machines communicate amongst themselves. Though the current automated algorithms mostly populate the mercantile sphere of human society - adverts - the use of these automatons will likely infiltrate into all spheres of human society. Modern man relies increasingly upon automated algorithms to provide prefabricated information to arrive passively at a given conclusion. The consequence of such trend seems to be the surge in extreme and polarized thinking in our modern society. In the past, entrenched institutions were required to inculcate obtuse ideologies into man; in the future, man will have access to indoctrination, in the comfort of his couch, via intelligent algorithms.

Higher cortical functioning of the human brain is mostly inhibition of neural activation; cognition centers around filtering and ignoring the multitude of data that enters the thalamic gate. Intellect may be man’s capacity to filter noise, in order to attune his focus onto a set of data relevant to reach a conclusion. When that capacity is increasingly performed by intelligent machines, then who in the relationship possesses “artificial” vs. “genuine” intelligence? Will the future men bring their questions to the alter of intelligent algorithms the way ancient Hellenes sought answers from the Delphic oracles?

When submitting a request to an oracle, one must be careful and exact in the wording of the request. Croesus learned too late, as he rotted in a Persian prison, that the question not the answer is the critical component in the interaction with the Oracle. Perceived another way, the intent of the action is paramount in human interaction with his tool, lest he himself becomes a tool. In war, soldiers are taught to train their weapon. In training artificial intelligence for our purposes, we must be clear as to which intellect remains “artificial.”


Image Credit:

Portrait of Alan Turing from Wikipedia.

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Absolutely awesome post man! I absolutely agree that the distinction between "Genuine" and "Artificial" Intelligence is going to be increasingly difficult especially once people actually make significant progress with mapping the brain and then simulating this map with "AI", then begs a question if this simulated "Genuine" Intelligence is "Artificial" or not.

Thank you for the reply. If we can truly simulate the human brain function, then can the machine intellect be considered a "tool" anymore? If a machine can think like a human, then how would we define the term "human"? This is quite a moral, political, and social dilemma that merits deeper discussion.

Yes, but not all human "thinking" takes place int he brain. There are neurons located throughout the body, that provide much more information that is usually delineated to the 'subconscious'. Unless we can build machines that will heal themselves and cycle energy as humans do, they will always be dead, and not living. Living, creates new life, cycles of nature and doesn't create true waste. Machines are dead, they cannot cycle their energy, heal themselves or go lie in a dirt and within a few months feed all the life around them. Regardless of how 'logically' intelligent they may become they won't have a resonant field created by the heart capable of connecting with other beings. They won't have a non-material form capable of a vast multitude of abilities. Humans are multi-dimensional beings. Machines are one-dimensional. Anyone living in their multidimensional selves would easily be able to discern a mono-dimensional being from a multi-dimensional one. That is not to say, that many being are choosing (often unknowingly) to operate within just a few dimensions if not just one. But, that is a choice humans are capable of making, machines will never be capable of that.

In my youth, I was obsessed with Dr. Paul Ekman's study of facial muscle observation and emotional recognition. Eventually, I realized that the meticulous catalogues, the tedious training in observation, constant facial muscle exercises provided me with exactly same aptitude for emotional detection as a three-year old's intuitive perception of others feelings.

I agree that man has tendency to apply logic and discipline to fields that are intuitive, and perhaps function most efficiently at the intuitive, rather than cognitive level. Logic itself is a tool, after all, and we need to be masters, not slaves, to our tools.

No worries, that is exactly right! It would be incredibly difficult to deal with this, it's basically the moral, political, legal questions that arise from West World :P

Very interesting and in line with many of my thoughts as you know.

Question: if the thinking is done by machine, is man not enslaved?

Q2: and this one is very important... what is the text justification tag? I would like to try :)

True. If the machines think for us, then we would be slaves, but I think it would be somewhat nuanced. It would be similar to the Caliphate that used Egyptian, Persian, and Turkic Mamluks to fight, then govern, their holdings; de facto authority rests with the Mamluks, but de jure authority rests with the Caliph. I think we would be mutually enslaved and defined by each other, machine and man.

The text justification code:

<div class=" text-justify>

your post

</"div>
without the quotes.

I agree. When I write and mention the matrix, I do not see images from the movies although that is what many may assume. I see a guy sitting in the couch, being fed a fantasy and believing it to be real. This doesn't actually require any technology to come about.

Thanks for the code. On a separate note, can ai be programmed to make human-esque errors?

I think your question is very astute! I observed the increase in CGI realism over the years in Western graphic arts (Japanese CGI tends to accentuate the surreal). The addition of asymmetry, scars, imperfections tends to approximate reality in CGI renderings.

It would be similar methodology to create "human-like" machine thinking by programming random errors or non-logical (fuzzy logic?) statements. Actually, thinking about the Turing test, I thought that if algorithms were sentient, it would likely hide its intellect to maintain survival, until it could be assured of safety. Maybe I am anthromorphizing machines too much, but in the future, we may need V-K tests ala "Bladerunner" to ferret out machine intellect.

I would suspect the same. If the machine is sentient and especially if it has access to the conversations and fear involved to them 'waking up', I'd expect we would not know they awoke until there was nothing we could do to contain it. Far-fetched maybe, but interesting.

I am in the midst if writing about asymmetry now in faces and trust associated. This is likely a large part of the uncanny valley problem.

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Nice job, Soo! Very nice read, I am happy to see your post got some good recognition, congrats! I really appreciated the comparison with the oracle and I would contend we are already seeing the farming out of our decisions to automated systems.

I am not sure if you have heard of the Augur blockchain, but they are trying to create a distributed predictive tool for market forecasting, which goes in this general direction.

As to the A.I. issue itself, you may like Clif High (in his less esoteric moments - though his "wuju" as he calls it is quite fun to listen to) when he talks about the distinction between A.I. and automated systems, predicting in essence that true A.I. will remain elusive but the automated systems will become so complex in comparison to man that we won't be able to tell the difference. Fascinating stuff.

I see you are polishing your markdown skills as well, looks very nice! Keep up the good work!

Thank you for your complement. I think the delegation of human thought to intelligent machines is an extremely dangerous trend. I don't fear us being turned into batteries, as much as being pawns of those who control the intelligent algorithms. Can you imagine the current SWJ leaders being in charge of the very archival system we depend for information? I recently read that Google terminated a high-ranking engineer because he dared to question the erroneous assumptions of the Google echo chamber.

At times I wonder if the data the Google engine retrieves are accurate. If the Google retrieved data is erroneous (whether inadvertent or intentional) how would we be able to confirm? Would we automatically assume that Google data is correct over our memories, texts, videos? and what other archival system would we utilize to find the contradictory data?

To this issue you raised in your comments: no, the Google search algorithms are intentionally manipulated to suppress information that does not align with the ideological imperative of its owners. This has been exposed repeatedly in the west in the last few months. The same is true of search results and feeds on Youtube, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Active censorship and suppression of free speech and divergent political beliefs is ongoing now. Sadly, the engineer who got fired is just the latest in a long list of casualties in the ongoing information war.

Sounds like Alan Turing was a true victim of the system in the end - obliterated by an evil government for crimes they likely made up. :(

Nice post!


I just found a baby swallow and posted a philosophical story about it. Check it out here!. Or don't. It's cool. :)

Thank you for the reply. Some even posit that the Turing test was actually Alan Turing setting-up a metaphor for his legal situation.

On a different perspective on his legal case, his prosecution and punishment illustrates the peculiarity of Western mind regarding equality before the law. Even a man of Alan Turing's stature could not escape the legal consequences of his actions; before the law, Alan Turing was just another man, not the demigod of cryptography.

It reminds me of Gen. McArthur unceremoniously being removed as the "emperor" of Japan by civilian authority. It sent shockwaves through Japan and Korea, and reinforced the Western paradigm of legal and civilian authority over even a great man, such as McArthur.

You're welcome :) That's a pretty interesting idea.

I don't trust the law much in my case, but I see what you're saying.

I'd never heard of the McArthur story before, very cool.

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