Achievement 3 by @manuelhooks Task : Content Etiquette

What is Plagiarism?

Borrowing from Wikipedia's definition, it could be said that, "plagiarism is the representation of another author's language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions as...[ if it was your ] original work." without giving them credit through proper referencing. Plagiarism is dishonest and a form of theft.
Source
To avoid getting confused, I will like to clarify the fact that bringing other people's work into your write-up is not bad at all. The problem comes when that is done without proper referencing.

When borrowing is inevitable

When writing a literature review, incorporating another person's words or idea into your own work becomes inescapable. To prevent Plagiarism, the borrowed idea must be presented as a quotation with Citations, else we could be labelled a plagiarist, guilty of one of the various forms of plagiarism.

Types of plagiarism.

• Complete/global Plagiarism.
You will be guilty of this type of plagiarism if you download a whole material online and present it as your own. Buying an already written material could place you in the same situation if that material is sold to someone else. To avoid this, just write your work yourself.

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• Paraphrasing Plagiarism.
You will be guilty of paraphrasing plagiarism if you lift an idea from a source material and then use synonyms to switch the words and rephrase the sentences. In most cases, such documents still retain its original structure, writing style and "artistic signature". To avoid this type of plagiarism, make sure you understand the slim line between reading someone else material for inspiration and actually copying the material.

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• Verbatim Plagiarism.
This type of plagiarism is also called copy and paste, or direct plagiarism. you'll be guilty of this type of plagiarism if you copy the contents of someone's work word-for-word without using quotation marks or giving the person the credit.

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• Self-plagiarism.
You will be guilty of self plagerism if you reuse your own work such that you receive praise or reward more than once for the same work in different publications. For example, If i make this post in the newcomer Community and it produces results, if I should copy all or some of it, use it to create a new post for the SteemAlive Community where I may also get praised for the same work. That is self plagerism.

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• Accidental plagiarism.
"Whether intended or unintended, there is no excuse for plagiarism and the consequences are often the same. However, plagerism may be accidental if it occurred because of neglect, mistake or unintentional paraphrasing."
Source

Proper Quotations and Citations

A quotation is any expression, statements or ideas we import from another author's text or an extract from a speech which adds flavour our literary work when properly cited.

In an article published in the P.org site on the 18th of May 2017. Citation is defined as "...the way you tell your readers that certain material in your work came from another source. It also gives your readers the information necessary to find that source..."
Source

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• Quotation marks
Use quotation marks to identify borrowed Content, showing where the quotation begins and where it ends ends.

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• Use ellipsis
Make proper use of ellipsis to show that you have omitted some words in the quotation. As seen in the quotation from P.org article on Citations above.

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• Square brackets
As was used in the quotation from Wikipedia, use square brackets to indicate that this words are inserted into the quotation. In that quotation, the phrase [ if it was your ] was not part of the original text, it was added to make the point clear.

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• Introduction
Don't just dump someone's word in to your work, use an introductory sentence or phrase that helps a reader appreciate why the quotation is used. And add some commentary after the quotation.

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• Paraphrasing
Do not use too many direct quotes, try Paraphrasing some with their citations.
You do not need quotation marks when making such a summary, but you still have to make a citation of your source.

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• Use blockquote
When a quotation is long, four or more lines, up to a paragraph or two. It is best to use a blockquote, they are easy to identify with the indentation it carries.

An example of a blockquote

If you copy my dreams, you automatically will copy my challenges too. My success will give you a crown. My challenges will
make you frown.

-Israelmore Ayivor-

Adopt a reference style

• MLA
Write the authors name followed by a page numbers, but if you have used the authors name to introduce the quotation, simply add the page numbers only.
MLA Example (manuelhooks 34)

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• APA
Write the authors name followed by the year of publication then a "P" before the page numbers, each item is followed by a comma. If the author's name was already mentioned, put the year and page numbers
APA syntax (manuelhooks, 1914, p.34)

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• Chicago Style
Write the authors last name followed by the year remember not to seperate name and date with a comma and don't add the "P" before the page numbers,
Chicago Syntax (manuelhooks 1914, 34)

Declearation

"I have read and understood the Steemit Etiquette on Steemit Community and will do my best to embrace them" Source

Conclusion

A Correct application of Citations when making quotations is an effective way to mitigate Plagiarism