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CONFLICT IN UKRAINE: GENESIS
Posted on January 1, 2023 by Oleg Nesterenko
https://www.thepostil.com/conflict-in-ukraine-genesis/

1이라크의 경우

In October 2000, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein made a statement that he was no longer willing to sell his oil for U.S. dollars, and that further sales of the country's energy supplies would be made only in euros.
and
when in February 2003, Saddam Hussein carried out his "threat" by selling more than 3 billion barrels of crude oil worth 26 billion euros—a month later, the U.S. invasion and total destruction of Iraq, the tragic consequences of which, with the destruction of all infrastructure of the country and the enormous number of civilians killed, are well known. To this day, U.S. authorities strongly argue that the war had absolutely nothing to do with Iraq's desire to free itself from the petrodollar system.

2 리비아의 경우
In 2009, as president of the African Union, Muammar Gaddafi proposed to the states of the African continent a real monetary revolution that had every chance of changing the fate of the continent and was therefore met with great enthusiasm—to escape the domination of the U.S. dollar by creating an African currency union in which oil and other African natural resources exports would be paid for mainly in gold dinar, a new currency to be created that would be based on gold reserves and financial assets.
Following the example of OPEC Arab countries, which have their own sovereign oil funds, African oil- producing countries, starting with oil and gas giants Angola and Nigeria, launched processes to create their own national funds from oil export revenues. A total of 28 African oil and gas producing countries took part in the project.
Gaddafi, however, made a strategic miscalculation that not only "buried" the gold dinar, but also cost him his life.

3 이란과 중국

China initiated crude oil purchases from Iran in 2012, paying in yuan. From Iran, whose oil contracts have already been denominated in euros since 2016, with a rejection of the U.S. dollar.

In 2015, China launched futures—oil futures contracts at the Shanghai Futures Exchange—whose main purpose is to carry out transactions through RMB swaps between Russia and China and between Iran and China—which is a new strategic element of Chinese geopolitics.
In 2017, China, with its 8.4 million barrels per day of crude oil imports, became the world's largest importer of crude oil and, at the same time, signed an agreement with the Russian Central Bank aimed at buying Russian oil in Chinese currency.

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