Health Education | The human brain

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It is very important that every human should have a common knowledge of their body parts and how the operates. In this article I shall be talking about The Brain. Read on!

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This article is gotten from my old blog and I felt it is very essential to share same here as it is regarding to our human health which is very important to us all. You can see the original post from my blog here.

The Brain is the largest delicate organ of mammals, located in the head and protected by the skull/cranium. An adult human man weighs 1.2kg-1.4kg. It forms about 2% mass of the body consuming 25% oxygen to produce energy for body activities. It correctly interprets, coordinates and respond to all stimuli sent to it through the spinal cord and sense organs. It is the centre of memory (memory bank).

The brain is divided in to three main parts;

1. fore brain
2. mid brain and
3. hind brain

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=>Fore Brain: this consists of cerebrum, hypothalamus, thalamus, and olfactory lobe.

• cerebrum; this is the largest part of the brain,made up of right and left hemisphere. It is protected by corpus callosum. It is thrown in to folds.
Functions of cerebrum

i. It controls voluntary actions such as movement of the legs,arm,speech,writing, etc.
ii. It is the seat of intelligence, learning, consciousness, imagination, memory, reasoning, judgment and interpretation of sensation.
iii. It is concern with the concentration and coordination of impulses.

•thalamus: functions;
i. It helps in experiencing sensation.
ii. It is the seat of awareness
iii. It receives impulses from mid brain and hind brain.

• hypothalamus: functions;
i. It controls sleep and alertness
ii. It controls appetite or feeding
iii. It controls body temperature
iv. It controls the amount of water in the blood(osmoregulation)
v. It controls the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland

• olfactory lobes: function;
i. It receives sensory impulses from the nose.

=>The mid brain: this is a small and inconspicuous (tiny, unattractive) part of the brain. It consists of optic lobes, pineal body, and pituitary gland.

Functions of the mid brain
i. The optic lobes receives impulses from the eye to the brain.
ii. The pineal body serves as an additional eye in some organisms.
iii. The pituitary gland controls the secretion of hormones.
iv. The mid brain controls involuntary actions.

=>Hind brain: the mid brain and the hind brain controls involuntary actions like coughing,
yawing, withdrawal of hand, foots from hot objects, etc. The hind brain consists of cerebellum, pons varoli, and medulla oblongata.

•cerebellum: functions;
i. It controls posture and body balance
ii. It controls impulses from body actions.
iii. It receives impulses from ear And skin.

•pons varoli: function;
i. It connect the cerebral hemisphere.

•medulla oblongata: this is located at the posterior end of the brain and continues in to the spinal cord. It controls involuntary actions or reflex actions.

Functions;
i. It controls heart beats
ii. It controls respiration rate
iii. It controls the constriction and dilation of the blood vessels.
iv. It controls secretion from glands.

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