Examine the lower or supper limbs of this diabetic patient.

Proceed as follows :

1. Inspection :
   ★Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum (central yellow scar with surrounding red margin, found over the shins due to atrophy of subcutaneous collagen)

   ★Ulceration and infection (boil, abscess,gangrene, carbuncle and cellulities) Look at the sole and between the toes.

   ★Diabetic dermopathy (small rounded plaques with raised border over the shins in a linear orientation). Look for any pigmentation scars (late diabetic dermopathy) 
   

   ★Injection mark on thaighs and fat atrophy or hypertrophy.

   ★Hair loss and skin atrophy (found in small vessel disease)
   

   ★Muscle wasting (due to neuropathy or diabetic amyotrophy or as a part of Generalized wasting)

   ★Examine both knee joint(swollen joints deformity indicates Charcot joints)

2. Palpation :
   ★Temperature (may be cold and blue due to peripheral vascular diseases and associated skin atrophy or absent pulse)

   ★Pulsation(absent due to peripheral vascular disease or atherosclerosis)and bounding pulse (in neuropathy) 
   

   ★Pitting oedema.

3)Auscultate over femoral artery (for bruit)

4)Perform neurological examination of lower limbs.

★★★Next Coming..."" Examination of eye in diabetic persone"".