Of course, the Star Trek universe begins with nuclear destruction of human civilization on Earth, followed by efficient cultural conquest of the Vulcans, under whose technological and cultural dominance the humanity is subject. One could even argue that the Federation is not a "human" civilization, as all that defines humanity seems to have been Vulcanized.

With infinite resource paradigm of the Star Trek universe, conflicts may decrease. Replicators are essentially a religious artifact that provides for material needs, much like the shamanic rituals of the our past provided for material needs of rain, wind, snow, etc. Like religious institutions, the replicators require ever-increasing energy to function. Much of the technology of Star Trek require energy; I surmise that the massive fleets of the Federation patrol the galaxy in constant search for antimatters and dilithium crystals.

The most wise faction in the Star Trek universe is the Ferengi mercantile consortium who recognize the finite nature of resources. While the Federation live on borrowed time, as it depletes ever-diminishing supply of energy without much thought, the Ferengi wisely allocates the limited resources to those who most efficiently utilize them. At the end of the day, when cheap energy runs out, the Federation members will be eating each other.