SCIENCE OF WATER

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Since the population of the world is increasing day by day, there is need for more research on quality water is very necessary and the process of choosing the most suitable source of water for development into a public water supply largely depends on the local conditions. Where a spring of sufficient capacity is available, this may be the most suitable of supply.

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Where springs are not available or not suited to development, generally the best Option is exploring groundwater resources For small supplies simple prospecting methods will usually be adequate. For larger supplies, more extensive geo-hydrological investigations using special methods and techniques are likely to be needed. Infiltration drains may be considered for shallow groundwater sources. Dug wells can be appropriate for reaching groundwater at medium depth.Tub well are generally most suitable for drawing water from deeper water-bearing ground strata. However, there are conditions where tubewells can be used with advantage for tapping: shallow groundwater sources.

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Dug wells often are within the local construction capabilities, whereas the drilling of tubewells will require more sophisticated equipment and considerable expertise. In some cases, drilling may be the only option available. If groundwater is not available, or where the costs of digging a well or drilling a tube-well would be too high, it will be necessary to consider surface water from sources such as rivers, streams or lakes. Surface water will almost always require some treatment to render it safe for human consumption.

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