Materials required:
Ø two round balloons,
Ø matches,
Water.
Inflate one of the balloons and tie it so that the air does not escape. Put 60 ml of water in the other balloon, then swell and bind it well.
Light a match and hold it under the first ball. Let the flame touch the ball. What happens? The balloon breaks, maybe even before the flame touches it. Light up another match. Hold it just below the water in the second balloon. What happens to this balloon? This balloon does not break. You may even see a small smear of soot on the side of the flask that came into contact with the flame.
Why does the flame break down the flame without contact with the flame? The flame heats whatever is placed in it. Heat the rubber in both balloons. The rubber in the waterless balloon becomes so hot that it becomes too weak to withstand the air pressure inside the balloon.
How is it that the water balloon in it resists the flame? When the water in the balloon is placed near the flame, it will absorb almost all of the heat emitted by the flame. Thus, the balloon rubber will not heat up so hard. As the rubber does not overheat, it does not weaken and the balloon does not fail.
Water is a very good heat-absorber. A large amount of heat is required to raise the water temperature by 1 degree Celsius. It takes 10 times more heat to raise the temperature of one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius than to raise the temperature of one gram of iron by the same amount. On the other hand, when cooled, water releases a very large amount of heat. That's why the areas closer to a large stretch of water (sea or ocean) do not have temperatures as low as the interior of the continent.