Hello, science lovers, today I want to explain another interesting point in the wonderful world of nanotechnology and it is about the classification of nanomaterials according to their dimensions (0D, 1D & 2D).

One of the categorizations for the materials divide them according to their dimensions or that of any of their elements.

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3D nanomaterials should not be included in the category of nanostructures unless their internal structure is nanostructured. So 3D nanomaterials will not be wrapped in this section.

Nanomaterials of zero dimension (0D)

A 0D structure is the simplest block that can be used for the design of nanomaterials. In this case, the three dimensions are in the nanometer regime and have a diameter less than 100 nm. Nanoparticles, nanocrystals, and nanoclusters correspond to this group.

Nanoparticles.

They are nanostructures usually used to define all 0D nanostructures or those that are amorphous and have an irregular shape. So, according to the previous definition, the nanoparticles can be of natural origin, semiconductor, metal, oxides, fullerenes or quantum dots.

During manufacturing, the nanoparticles that make up the nanomaterials can be of different sizes, which can vary by more than 15% and still form the nanomaterial without affecting its design.3D nanomaterials should not be included in the category of nanostructures unless their internal structure is nanostructured. So 3D nanomaterials will not be wrapped in this section.

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Nanoclusters.

As well as the nanoparticles, they have an irregular structure besides being semicrystalline, but they are tinier than the nanoparticles. Its diameter ranges between 1 and 10 nm.

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In addition, nanoclusters are sensitive to their size and become more reactive if they increase or decrease proportionally.

Nanocrystals.

They are monocrystalline nanostructures, whose size ranges from 1 to 30 nm. Semiconductor nanocrystals are more commonly known as quantum dots.

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One-dimensional nanomaterials (1D).

They have a variable length, conserving two dimensions (height and width) in the nanometer regime; to these correspond the nanowires and nanotubes.

Nanowires.

They are elongated crystalline structures whose characteristics stand out for their conductive or semiconducting properties.

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Nanowires have been obtained from various metallic materials, semiconductors, oxides, etc. In recent years, nanowires have shown special scientific interest due to their potential applications in nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, and sensors.

Nanotubes.

They are tubular structures with a hollow interior. There are nanotubes synthesized and characterized from inorganic laminar materials. However, the most studied are carbon nanotubes (CNT's).

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Two-dimensional nanomaterials (2D)

They are basically nanomaterials formed by very thin layers; thin nanolayers with areas of undefined size and a thickness between 1 and 100 nm.

Graphene is the most notable example because, due to its multiple and exceptional properties, it has the potential to revolutionize technology. Its possible applications extend to very diverse areas, ranging from the miniaturization of electronic devices to the elaboration of drugs against cancer in medicine.

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Author: magicalhobo

References.

• http://eng.thesaurus.rusnano.com/wiki/article1371
• http://www.physics.uwo.ca/~lgonchar/courses/p2800/Chapter13_FunctionalNanowires.pdf
• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-classification-and-examples-of-nanomaterials-with-0D-1D-and-2D-structures_fig2_230991381
• http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/166047/7/07_chapter%201.pdf
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535217300990
• https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/nanowire.htm

If you want to read more scientific articles of good quality, do not waste your time, and visit the hashtag #steemstem.

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