Passive students in the classroom, how to solve it?

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One of the obstacles I often encounter is the inactivity of students in the classroom. Sometimes in the classroom there is no communication between teachers and students. My point is that there are only a few active students. If there are 30 students in the classroom, only 4 are active students. It's beyond my expectations. I want all students to be involved in the teaching and learning process. Class not only belongs to a few students, but classes belong together.

So, what to do when you see students who are passive in the classroom? There are several ways that can be done, among others:

1. Understanding students.

What causes the students to be passive in the classroom? A teacher must understand the condition of his students. Maybe students have not understood about the subject matter taught by the teacher. Perhaps students also do not understand the difficulties they encounter during the learning process. Or students are reluctant to ask questions or answer teacher questions for fear of what he says is wrong, so they are embarrassed in the presence of his friends. Those are the psychological causes that students experience. The teacher must find out the causes.

2. Starting the lesson with questions.

Before the subject matter begins, you should start by asking a few questions. Always do this to make students think critically. If there are students who always answer the question, then give the opportunity to passive students to answer it. Perhaps there is passive students who know the answer, but they are not prepared mentally for fear the answer is wrong. You have to motivate them by giving a compliment even if the answer is wrong.

3. Explaining with easily understood language students.

You have to explain simply to the subject matter they will learn. For example what is the purpose of learning it, what students should do during the learning process, or repetitive when the subject matter is difficult to understand by students. At the end of the class, remind students to learn the lesson at home.

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4. Discuss.

You can have class discussions. All student answers to the questions you ask, collect them! Then invite students to think critically. For example why A's answer can not be accepted by some students, or why B's answer can be accepted by students. You just need to encourage passive students to give their responses and remind the other students not to laugh at every answer.

5. Giving time to answer.

Give the passive students little time to express their opinions. You just have to advise all students that during the learning process, there is no wrong answer. All got the same chance to talk.

Teacher is a facilitator in the class. At certain times, you can not only play a role as a teacher. Be a facilitator who can embrace all students. This is the challenge for us as teachers. All can be done gradually and patience.

If you have another opinion, please give me some suggestions and feedback in the comments field.