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Clean clothes after washing with detergent

Happy Monday Steemian.
Yesterday I invited the children to wash their socks. This we do so that they are accustomed to being independent. The first time I asked them to wash only with water. After that I mina they soak the feet of cocoa for 15 minutes in water that has been added detergent. After that I asked them to rub the socks. the result is cleaner socks.
After drying all the laundry we continue activities in the morning while chatting.
Suddenly the youngest asked "Why is washing with detergent easier to clean the dirt on socks?"
This is a good question your child might ask. So it's good for us to find out how the detergent process to clean the clothes on the clothes when washing.

Dirt is hiding

Clothes made of fabric composed of many fibers. We can see with our eyes that clothes are made up of braids and woven stones. This yarn is also a combination of various fiber. These fibers are not completely tight. There is very little space between the fibers. We cannot see with our eyes without a magnifying device.
When we move the dirt will stick and enter into the gap between the fibers of clothing. In that place will accumulate more and more if not removed. How to get rid of it is by washing. But if washing only with water has not been able to get rid of dirt that is attached to the gap of the shirt.
This happens because water molecules will bond together and pull, causing tension in the surface of the water. bonding of this water molecule makes it unable to enter into a very small gap in the fiber of the shirt. it can be said that water only covers the hole of the clothes fiber. Then the dirt will remain attached and can not go.
To be able to make water able to expel impurities there must be something that helps water into the gap in the fiber fibers. The way to do this is to add detergent. but how can detergents make clothes clean?

Reduces water surface tension

The addition of detergent (containing surfactants) will reduce the surface tension of the water so that water easily passes into the fabric fibers. This makes the mixture of water and detergent to take the dirt that is stuck between the fibers of our clothes.
Chemically, we can explain that the detergent surfactant has two groups, namely a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.
Simply hydrophilic is a trait that can approach water and unite it. While hydrophobic is a characteristic that keeps away from water. The first use of detergents is to use hydrophilic properties so that the detergent will enter the water and dissolve in it. This property will make water more "runny" and able to enter the fibers and clothes. After that the water will attract dirt and bring it out with hydrophobic properties. Then, impurities dissolved in water are caused due to the attraction between the hydrophilic head and the water.
Detergents now also contain enzymes to degrade protein-based stains, bleach to remove stain colors and add power to cleaning agents, and blue dyes to fight yellowish.
Today we also know detergents that are equipped with fragrances and fabric softeners so that they will make the wearer happy.

Thus my writing this time may be useful for all of us.

Thank you for reading my post. I hope you enjoy it.