What is comet?

Comet is a type of celestial body made of dust, ice and gas. Comet is a small icy cosmic object that displays a spectacular comma (a thin, transient atmosphere) and a trail when traveling very close to the Sun. This happens because of the effect of the radiation and solar system on the cometary nucleus. Comet Nucleus consists of a weak form of ice, dust and tiny rocky particles. Hundred meters from width to ten kilometers And the length of the tail is hundred billion kilometers Maybe far People are observing comets from ancient times.

A comet's period may range from several years to hundreds of thousands of years. It is thought that short-lived comet originates from the Kuiper belt, which is located outside of Neptune's orbit and long-lived comet originates from the oort cloud, which is the circular cloud of an ice sheet outside the solar system. Due to the large planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) in our solar system or very near-invisible stars in the solar system, the gravitational force that acts on the otter cloud causes the objects to rush towards the sun, and when the origin of comma starts, we see the comet. Some of the rare comets may be thrown into the inner space through these planets, entering the solar system into the orbit of the solar system.

Presence of Comet and Tails due to Comet Meteors or Asteroids. Some rare comets travel very frequently to the Sun, and the volcanic ice and dust become lost like a small asteroid object.

According to the observation of April 2015, we have 5384 comets. This number is increasing because the total comet (which is estimated to be 100 million) is a small part. The bright comet seen in an empty eye is called a large comet.

Some comet comes back to the same place in a specific time. Like Halley's Comet.

Structure
Picture of the Tempel 1 comet nucleus from the Deep Impact spacecraft. The nucleus is about 6 km wide
Nucleus

It is 100 meters to 40 kilometers wide. Maybe far The nuclei is made of stones, dust, water ice, ice gases - carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia. Its surface or floor is folded in the form of dry dust or rocky ice. According to 'Dirty Snowball' theory, if the nucleus has 85% ice, it can be called a comet nucleus. Because of such low mass, the nuclei is not circular, it is irregular shape.

In addition to the above gases, there are also organic compounds like methanol, cyanide, formaldehyde, ethanol, ethane etc.

In 2009, the presence of glucin amino acids found in the nucleus dust in NASA's Stardust mission.

The nuclei reflection power is the lowest in the solar system; Halley's Comet 1-2% and Borelier Comet 2.4% - 3.0%.

Therefore, the nuclei absorbs the necessary sunlight and completes the gaseous processes.
Comma and trail

When comets proceed in the solar system, the volatile substances in the radiation of the Sun continue to spread through dust and gas. As a result, the atmosphere that is formed is called a comma. The force that is applied to the effect of sun radiation force and solar energy is made of a huge trail of Surabhi. The atomic nucleus, which contain a comma and the tail coming out of the material, which the brilliant light of the sun, we see it becoming. In most cases it is very light, without the telescope.

Comet tail

Because of the evaporation of the atoms of charged atoms, the evaporation of nucleus gases In contact with ultraviolet rays, it turns into a charged object and flows in the form of waves in the solar system.

Due to the sudden dust and gas explosion in the comet, the shape of the comma can be larger.

Comet's birth

It is speculated that small-scale comets are born from the dwarf planets or centers, and from the area of ​​discs of various objects spread over the Kuiper belt and Neptune's orbits, from a distance of about 30 to 50 astronomical units; Long-lived comets have been born from the oat cloud, which is the closest part of the solar system, and many objects like icebergs are thought to be rolling round orbits. The new comet will be born when some object approaches the oval elliptical orbit with the influence of a star near the cloud of gravity on the larger planet in the Kuiper belt. But it was not possible to calculate the process of comet birth.
Oort cloud and Kuiper belt

Despite the fact that Halley's Comet Kipper belt is actually the source of most comets, Oort Cloud. It is estimated that outside the main solar system, at a distance of around 50,000 astronomy, this region is about one trillion or million million comet dwellers. Sometimes these comets move towards the Sun with a gravitational withdrawal of a star near the solar system. It takes millions or even decades to millions of years to reach the sun. These comets have orbits (parabolic) or hyperbolic sized. Most smokets coming from the oort cloud do not return.

Some comet's periods may vary by the effects of gravity balls on large planets. For example, the 11P / Tempel-Swift-LINEAR comet was discovered in 1869 but it was not seen since 1908 because it is Jupiter. Later in 2001 it was re-discovered by LINEAR.