¿What is athletics?

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Rowing is the sport discipline that involves the propulsion of a boat on the water, through the muscular strength of one or several rowers, each using one or two oars as simple levers of second grade and sitting with their backs to the direction of the advance, with or without helmsman to guide them.1

In a rowing boat all the supporting elements (where the supports are made to realize the force) must be fixed to the body of the boat; Only the car where the rower is sitting can move. This results in a classification depending on whether the car is mobile (mobile bank) or is not (fixed bank). The mobile bench paddle is characterized by having a seat on wheels that allows the legs to be used in the propulsion of the boat. In the fixed bench oar, the rower is sitting on a fixed seat, and the propulsion is done with the leg (60%) the torso (or back, with 30%) and with the arms (10%). In both modalities the rower sits looking aft, that is, with his back to the direction of the movement.

A rowing regatta is a competition that consists of one or more events divided (if necessary) in several races or sleeves, in one or several classes of boats, grouped (in general) in different categories of gender, age or weight.

The International Federation of Rowing Societies is the international body that regulates rowing competitions. A distinction is made between the Olympic rowing, in which fourteen modalities are practiced - all mobile banks - and the non-Olympic rowing, which has more modalities and also includes the fixed-bank rowing.

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History

Main article: Rowing history
Samuel and Saidye Bronfman Archeology WingDSCN4960.JPG
Rowing as a way of propulsion of boats has an ancient tradition. However, as a sport it developed in England in the 17th century. It was stately sport and reserved for gentlemen that extended to the rest of Europe and the world. The first clubs outside England were founded in the 19th century. In Spain, Portugal and Argentina there are still rowing clubs founded in the middle of the 19th century.

From that time until today, the oar has undergone an accelerated development, both in its basic concepts both in its boat and rowing construction technology, as well as in the rowing technique. High competition, likewise, has been the subject of great advances in its training modes. Nowadays it has stopped being a stately and exclusive sport. The ladies began to participate more than a hundred years ago, but today there are still exclusive rowing clubs for men, as well as exclusive for women.

Olympism knows rowing as one of its basic sports almost from its beginning. Today the Olympic rowing program has fourteen modalities, both for men and women, heavy or light weights, resulting in 48 gold medals in a personal capacity. But these modalities are barely a part of the great variety of rowing competitions that exist, and include modalities that are exclusive to some countries. In Spain, the fixed-bank oar on the Atlantic and Cantabrian coast is of unusual popularity in this sport. One of the causes is its great spectacularity and the custom of betting on the winner of the races.

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