Mountain is great elevated land surface resulting from the intense action of the internal forces. They have steep slopes and show distinct peaks
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Mountains are classified according to their mode of formation, resulting in four major types of the mountain. These are

• Fold mountain
• Block mountain
• Volcanic mountain
• Residual mountain

• FOLD MOUNTAIN

Characteristic: They contain old hard rocks with steep sides. They have wrinkling or folding appearance and show distinct peaks of great height. fold mountain exist in layered form. They are soft have anticline and synclines.
Folding shortens the earth crust. They form the most widespread type of mountain and are noted for active volcanoes. They form the highest mountain ranges. Examples of fold mountain include the Himalayas, Rockies, Andes, Alps and Atlas mountain.

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Mode of formation: Fold mountain is formed by large-scale horizontal earth movement as a result of stress and compressional forces which cause expansion or contraction of some part of the earth. such stress therefore subject the rocks to compressional forces.

The compressional forces produce wrinkling or folding of the crust of the earth. The up folds of the wrinkles are anticlines while the download is called synclines.

A fold may be simple but where the compressional forces are complex, it results in asymmetrical folding. When pushed further, it forms an overfold an overfold later forms a recumbent fold. in extreme folding to form over thrust-fold.

• BLOCK MOUNTAIN

Characteristic:- Block mountain is made up of old hard rock with the flat or slightly sloping surface. They have a steep side. They are associated with faults. It has fairly steep, straight edges. Block mountain is usually very high. Example of block mountain include Hun struck mountain, Voges mountain and the black forest of the rhine land.

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