Earthquakes,seismometer,electromagnetic induction
Introduction:
There are two types of charges present in this universe +ve and -ve, like charges repel each other and unlike charges attract each other. An electric field is associated with each charge. Electric field is infact a region around the charge where another charge experience a force of attraction or repulsion.
When charges move with certain velocity there is another field associated with it called magnetic field. Charges acts as a magnet when in motion. If they move with constant velocity they have constant magnetic field but if they move with variable velocity in that case they have a magnetic field which vary with time. This time varying magnetic field have a potential to induce a time varying electric field, that is how electromagnetic waves ( radio waves) are produced. Conversly a time varying electric field can also induce a time varying magetic field. That is how electromagnetic waves propagates from one place to another.
In a magnetic material this magnetic property is due to the motion of electric charges, the tiny charges acts as tiny magnets , the resultant field produce when these tiny magnets reinforce the magnetic fields of each other, but in other cases where materials are not magnets they cancel out the effect of each other.
Magnetic flux:
The magnetic field of a magnet is represented by lines known as magnetic lines of induction first introduce by micheal faraday. If these lines passes through an object(conductor) this refers as magnetic flux. If magnet and object placed near to it are static, the magnetic lines of induction passing through it at constant rate. But if magnet starts vibrating near the object the line will not pass through the object at constant rate, so we can say that magnetic flux is changing. This change in flux induces a potential difference across the conductor i.e electri c current will flow through the conductor. Same phenomena can also be done by moving the conductor while magnet remain at rest. This phenomena is known as electromagnetic induction discovered by faraday.
This is how we produce electricity through generators. We can also detect earthquake using this phenomena, the instrument used for this purpose is called seismometer.
Seismometer:
Seismometer are securely mounted to the surface of the earth. It consist of a case in which coils consist of fine wires are fixed and in the centre a large permanent magnet is suspended as a pendulum. During an earthquake or explosion the case in which coils are fixed moves,but the permanent magnet suspended inside the case does not move due to its large inertia. Here comes electromagnetic induction as coil( conductor) moves relative to the magnet current will flow through the fine wire which are then amplified and converted into digital signal and analyzed through computer.This is how earthquake even of very low intensity can be measured.
Citation:
A book of physics written by Resnick. Haliday andKrane
https://www.britannica.com/science/seismograph
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For images:
Citations Needed
Done
Uh, yeah. That's not your only source.
Done
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@shehzad Its very interesting info.. Terrific post keep it up.
Thanks. I am glad that you liked it.
Will remove flag once images are credited, references properly cited ^__^
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