This is a really good article!

The section on Error Survivors reminds me of Survivorship bias.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survivorship_bias

I think about very ill people being prayed for. Some end up getting well and some die. No one ever hears from those who died, to say that everyone was praying for them and they died. The ones who live are the only ones telling the tale that people prayed for them and they got better. That makes it sound like praying produces a much better outcome than it actually does.

I hope to read more like this from you; thanks for sharing it!