This is what caused the war from the beginning

The tongues were broken, stormy storms broke loose, and petty experts thrived on this complex subject. Let us now return to the crux of this conflict, to find out the reasons that are often overlooked intentionally and deliberately.
Between 1920 and 1946, Syria was a French protectorate and witnessed a large-scale sectarian distribution at the regional level. Syria was created under the French Mandate by different political entities: the State of Damascus, the State of Aleppo, the State of Mount Druze, and the Alawite State, the countries to which Sinjek Iskenderun was annexed (which France abandoned in favor of Turkey in 1938 to ensure its neutrality in World War II). This French policy has always been a source of heightened tensions among population groups.
After independence in 1946, Syria was seen as a weak country in terms of statehood. Therefore, foreign ambitions have multiplied around it.
After the military coup led by Hafez al-Assad in 1970, the Alawite minority (a branch of Shi'ism) became a ruling minority in a country where a Sunni majority lived. So there are escalating sectarian tensions. But Assad led the country with much firmness under the banner of the Baath Party, a party that wanted to be the vanguard of change in the region to end the period of colonial humiliation. Indeed, the slogan "unity, freedom, socialism" is based on the Arab nationalist ideology adopted by Gamal Abdel Nasser.