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what is throat cancer?
Key points
Throat cancer is often grouped into two categories: pharyngeal cancer and laryngeal cancer.
Throat cancer is relatively uncommon compared to other cancers.
Symptoms of throat cancer include coughing up blood, trouble swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes.
Cancer is a class of diseases in which abnormal cells multiply and divide uncontrollably in the body. These abnormal cells form malignant growths called tumors. Throat cancer refers to cancer of the voice box, the vocal cords, and other parts of the throat, such as the tonsils and oropharynx.

Throat cancer is often grouped into two categories: pharyngeal cancer and laryngeal cancer. Pharyngeal cancer forms in the pharynx. This is the hollow tube that runs from behind your nose to the top of your windpipe. Laryngeal cancer forms in the larynx, which is your voice box.

Throat cancer is relatively uncommon when compared to other cancers. The National Cancer Institute estimates 1.1 percent of adults will be diagnosed with pharyngeal cancer within their lifetime. An estimated 0.3 percent of adults will be diagnosed with laryngeal cancer within their lifetime

Preventing throat cancer

There’s no definitive way to prevent throat cancer, but you can take steps to reduce your risk:

Stop smoking. Use over-the-counter products to quit smoking such as nicotine replacement products or talk to your doctor about prescription medications to help you quit.
Reduce alcohol intake. Males should consume no more than two alcoholic drinks per day, and women should consume no more than one drink per day.
Maintain a healthy lifestyle. Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, and lean meats. Reduce fat and sodium intake and take steps to lose excess weight. Engage in physical activity at least 150 minutes a week.
Reduce your risk of HPV. This virus has been linked to throat cancer. To protect yourself, limit your number of sexual partners and practice safe sex. Talk to your doctor about the benefits of the HPV vaccine.