Contest : Tell Us About Your Favourite Topics Of Science by @goodybest

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Image of Antibody and Antigen

INTRODUCTION:
Hello friends!
I am @goodybest from Nigeria and I'm so excited to participate on this Contest, though I didn't study science courses in my university, but I did during my high school years so my favorite science topic was **THE IMMUNE SYESTEM AND THE ANTIBODY. I really like this topic because it has helped me understand how the body used to fight diseases, viruses and bacteria. since it's a wide topic I'll only discuss a bit about the Antibody and its function.

What is Antibody?
Antibody is a protective protein produced by the immune system in response to the presence of a foreign substance called antigen.
Antibody is also called immunoglobulin
Antibodies recognize and lay hold of this antigen in order to remove them from the body. Various substances are regarded by our bodies as antigen, example includes disease causing organisms and toxic materials as insect venom.

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When a strange substance enter into the body our immune systems recognizes it because it differ from those found in the body, so to eliminate these invader, the immune system calls on to different mechanisms including the most important - Antibody Production.
Antibodies are produced by white blood cells called the B- cells. The B cells normally tied up the antigen, and the action will cause the B cell to divide and mature into a group of identical cells called a clone. The mature cells called the plasma cells will secrete millions of antibodies into the bloodstream and lymphatic system. As the antibodies circulate, they attack and neutralize the foreign substance- antigen which are identical to the one triggered by the immune response.

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It's the antibodies who attack the antigens by binding them, for example The binding of Antibody to a toxin can neutralize the poison by changing its chemical composition, such antibodies is called anti-toxins. Antibodies used to attached themselves to some invading microbes, then other antibodies can render such microorganisms immobile or preventing it from entering our body cells.

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It's the B-cells and the Antibodies that provided one of the most important functions of the immunity - which is to recognize an antigen and producing terrific number of protective proteins that induces our body to remove all the traces of that antigen.

The Antibodies are group into five classes,

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and each of the class is designated by a letter attached to an abbreviation of the word immunoglobulin: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD this classes of Antibodies differ in their activity and their consonant region. For example the most common Antibody the IgG is present mostly in the blood and tissue fluids, IgA is found in the mucus membranes lining the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. While performed Antibodies are derived from the blood serum of previously infected persons or animals, this administered in an antiserum to another person in order to provide passive and immediate immunization against fast acting toxins or microbes such as snake bites or tetanus infections.

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Thanks for reading through!