Vitamin B12 Deficiency | Vitamin B12 Foods | Vitamin B12 Benefits

Vitamin B12 is a group B vitamins, dissolved in water, and has been discovered in attempts to treat malignant anemia or a large, aromatic tumor that is associated with neuropathy. It was initially thought that this type of anemia is related to folate, But his treatment with folate helped solve the problem of the blood cells and was working on reprocessing, but he did not treat nerve damage associated with the disease.

In 1948, scientists isolated a red complexion from the liver and gave it the number B12. This new vitamin has worked on the treatment of malignant anemia by renewing and treating blood cell dysfunction and in treating the nerve damage associated with the disease. They called this name of the cobalamin because it contains an atom Cobalt is in the middle. Both vitamin B12 and folate are dependent on each other. Vitamin B12 works to remove the methyl group to activate the folate helper enzyme. In contrast, when folate gives the methyl group to vitamin B12, it also activates the enzyme action of vitamin B12 This vitamin works best.

Vitamin B12 functions in the body. The human body needs several minerals and vitamins to grow naturally and healthy to maintain its health, balance and normal function. Vitamin B12 acts as an essential enzyme, adenosylcobalamine and methylcobalamine. It acts in the representation of propionates, amino acids and compounds Mono-carbon, and therefore plays an important role in the processes of protein representation, and in the manufacture of hem (the component of hemoglobin that gives blood red color), and in the formation of proteins and fats constituent myelin sheath, which surrounds the nerve fibers in the blood Vitamin B12 and folate play a key role in the formation of DNA and RNA. Bone cells, bile, and digestive cells also rely on vitamin B12 to maintain and maintain health.

The lack of vitamin B12 is usually due to poor absorption and not because of low intake, and in the cases of mis-absorption of vitamin B12, the shortage occurs even if taken in high quantities. It is poorly absorbed in two cases:

 The first is the lack of hydrochloric acid secretion in the stomach, which inhibits the digestion of proteins that bind to the food and thus inhibits its release and its association with R and R proteins, inhibiting its absorption.

The second condition is due to the lack of the internal factor caused by the damage of the cells of the stomach that produces it, in cases of gastritis, which affects many people, especially after the age of fifty, and cases of stomach infection with Helicobacter bacteria that cause ulcers, and also in cases of iron deficiency.

There are some people who can not form the internal factor for a genetic genetic cause, and some people have a strong immune system that fights the intrinsic factor. The lack of internal factor in the inability of the intestinal cells to absorb vitamin B12, and in any cases of non-availability of the internal factor, it is necessary to take vitamin B12 in the form of injections or sprays in the nose to be absorbed from the intestine. Also remove part of the stomach or small intestine surgically , Frequent use of antacids, and excessive drinking may cause vitamin B12 deficiency as well. Causes of vitamin deficiency also include a person with Crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel disease that affects all the histological layers of the digestive system, and also involves the person's digestive disorders and the growth of bacteria or parasites.

 Symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency, what follows: 

Vitamin B12 deficiency causes nerve damage, given the important role this vitamin plays in the formation of myelin sheath that surrounds and protects nerve fibers. Symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency appear to be reduced in intelligence, speed of forgetfulness, and short-term memory loss. Feeling numb in limbs and difficulty walking. Neurological damage can cause paralysis in advanced cases, where nerve damage starts from the limbs and reaches the central nervous system. Neurological symptoms usually appear to be behind the symptoms of anemia. Therefore, vitamin B12 deficiency must be diagnosed and treated in its stages. General fatigue, fatigue, rapid heartbeat and breathing Resulting from the inactivity of red blood cells in the transport of oxygen. Gastrointestinal problems; such as: constipation, diarrhea, and gases.

 It also causes yellowing in the color of the skin and eyes due to the recurrence of anemia, failure of red blood cells, redness, smoothness and tongue bulging. Psychological symptoms such as depression can be seen. It should be noted that the examination of vitamin B12 levels in the blood is not an effective method of knowing its condition in the body, but the approved products in the blood, which include methyl monic acid and homocysteine, should be examined. It is expensive, but it is more sensitive and effective in detecting deficiency. At some stages of vitamin B12 deficiency, the patient may suffer from an unclear vision or loss of vision. Folate intake is sufficient to treat anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency and to hide the initial symptoms of deficiency. Therefore, nerve damage can occur without the symptoms of anemia, and this is evident in the case of high folate intake. 

Symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency :

Due to the role of vitamin B12 in cell division and the formation of DNA, its deficiency clearly affects rapidly dividing cells such as bone marrow and gastrointestinal cells, and because it plays a role in activating folate to play its role in the formation of red blood cells, its deficiency causes a secondary decrease in folate, It results in anemia similar to that caused by folate deficiency, a large hemolytic aortic anemia, where red blood cells fail to divide and weaken their ability to function in the transport of oxygen, but it is characterized by anemia due to lack of folate in the presence of nerve damage facilities , Called anemia For vitamin B12 deficiency because of the absence of internal or pernicious anemia factor gravis blood.

Food sources of vitamin B12 :

Vitamin B12 is different from other vitamins and is found in animal foods only. Red meat, liver meat, kidneys, fish, poultry, milk, eggs and cheese are rich sources. So people who eat animal foods can simply get their daily needs. Vegetarians who eat milk and eggs also get enough vitamin B12. For vegetarians who do not eat milk and eggs, and people who lack hydrochloric acid secretion Stomach, they can get their needs by eating fortified cereals such as fortified bread, or by supplements. To maintain vitamin B12 in foods, it should not be prepared or heated with a microwave because it causes the loss of this vitamin.

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