Green manures help agriculture's greenhouse gas emissions
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Green manures help agriculture's greenhouse gas emissions
Credit: Tama66 / Pixabay - License: CC0
In Europe, cultivated areas represent about 20% of the land and have long periods of bare soil between two crops. In a study published on April 12, 2018 in Environmental Research Letters, researchers from the National Center for Meteorological Research (CNRM, Météo-France / CNRS / University of Toulouse) and the Center for Space Studies of the Biosphere (CESBIO, University Toulouse III -Paul Sabatier / CNRS / CNES / IRD / INRA) quantified the climate mitigation that could be achieved by adding intermediate crops or cover crops during these intercropping periods.
Intensive agricultural practices are characterized by the persistence of bare soil between two crops, an aberrant and antinomic practice with the natural functioning of the vegetative cycle which has many consequences: leaching and soil compaction, very low biodiversity and organic activity. In addition, a new study shows that this increases greenhouse gas emissions.
How? Simply because a covered ground reduces the amount of solar energy received by the soils, because of the albedo, the reflectivity of a surface. "A soil covered with vegetation usually reflects more light than a soil left bare, and the intermediate crops are buried - particularly as a green manure - after having grown for months, they promote carbon storage in the soil, "says the CNRS and Méteo-France.
Thus, by using intermediate crops, such as green manures (phacelia, buckwheat, white mustard, alfalfa ...) this could compensate each year for up to 7% of the greenhouse gas emissions of the agricultural sector in Europe , via the increase of albedo and the fixation of atmospheric carbon.
In addition, green fertilizers enrich the soil with nitrogen, have nematicidal properties (kill parasitic worms in crops), stifle "weeds" and benefit pollinators, which we need so much, in the face of the collapse of populations. bees .
To arrive at these figures, the researchers relied on satellite data of agricultural surfaces and albedo. The European countries that have the greatest potential for mitigation via the albedo effect are, in order, France, Bulgaria, Romania and Germany.
This article appeared first on https://www.notre-planete.info/actualites/599-engrais-verts-agriculture-carbone
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