Nail polish

I am a big fan of everything that is nail polish or UV gel, although I do not make up much, I find that having a beautiful polish is the finishing touch to be on top all day. I put semi-permanent varnish for connoisseurs, I have already published an article on this topic : https://steemit.com/life/@lndesta120282/nail-polish-all-in-one

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Nail polish is a cosmetic product designed to beautify, protect the nail or hide some defects. He is included in the makeup family.

History

Nail polish seems to have been invented by the Chinese around 3000 BC. BC, however, Japanese and Italians think they were the first to use nail polish. The Chinese used a lacquer of color, made from a combination of gum arabic, egg whites, gelatin and beeswax. They also used a mixture of rose petal, orchid and impatient powder mixed with alum. This mixture, when applied on the nails for a few hours or all night, left a color ranging from pink to red. The Egyptians, meanwhile, used red-brown dyes obtained from henna to color their nails but also the tips of their fingers, dye still frequently used today.

In China, during the Zhou dynasty around 600 BC BC, royal families use gold and silver to beautify their nails. Red balsam and aluminum were also used in the 13th century. A fifteenth-century Ming manuscript cites red and black as the colors chosen by royalty during previous centuries. The Egyptians also use the color of the nails to indicate the social order, with shades of red in the upper part. Queen Nefertiti, King Akhenaten's wife, colored ruby red with her fingernails and feet. Cleopatra preferred an intense rust color. Women of lower rank who stained their nails were only allowed to use pale hues, and no woman dared to display the color scheme used by the king or queen. The Incas are known to have decorated their nails with representations of eagles.

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It is not clear exactly how these ancient practices evolved. In the 9th century Muslim Arab women colored their nails with henna and this tradition continued because it is part of the Sunnah. In the early nineteenth century, the nails were tinted in red with scented oils then ground and buffed with a chamois rather than simply painted. Even a century later, women continue to polish their nails by massaging them with tinted powders and creams to make them shiny.

One such polish sold at that time was Graf's Hyglo. A number of women during this period tinted their nails with bright, glossy polishes applied with camel hair brushes. Towards the 1920s, when car painting was created, it inspired the creation of nail-colored lacquers. The first modern, colorful and opaque varnish was invented in 1932 by Charles Revson and marketed under the Revlon brand. In 1972 appear metallic and glitter varnishes.

There are also therapeutic varnishes designed to treat nail conditions such as fungal infections.

Use

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The varnish is usually applied using a small brush that is an integral part of the cap of the bottle of varnish. Patterns can be drawn on top.

Some varnishes apply under gel form and UV cure. Toe spreaders can be used for application on toenails. The varnish does not take much time to dry, it can vary between 1 hour and 3 minutes, usually it takes only a few minutes but when it comes to patterns, work with scoth, boss, etc. it takes more time.

Today we find a very wide range of nail polish. Many brands are in this cosmetics market, such as the largest cosmetics companies and most major luxury brands.

The range has enormously diversified. The different shades of red are the most traditional and the most popular, especially because they are coordinated with lipstick. One can nevertheless find a large choice of colors. In addition to the color, many varnishes offer a function: hardener, straightener, gloss ... There are today varnishes applying over a colored main varnish in order to add a particular effect: cracked varnish, to glitter, with inclusions, matifying, etc.

The price is a function of the brand, the quality, sometimes the color and the resistance of the varnish (resistance to shocks and wear).

Nails

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With regard to anatomy, a fingernail is a hard and insensitive part of the finger or toe of an animal. It is a keratinized terminal dander, homologous to the claw or hoof. The term fingernail refers more particularly to the flat shape found in primates including humans.
Nails are composed of :

• The matrix of the nail which is at the base of the nail and produces the keratin which composes it. Injury of the matrix can cause irregularities on the nail;

• The eponychium or cuticle, which is a piece of skin that covers the matrix;

• Paronychium is a piece of skin that covers the sides of the nail;

• The hyponychium which is under the end of the nail;

• The nail itself, the hard and translucent part, composed of keratin;

• The nail bed, which is under the nail;

• The lunula which is the circular clear spot located on the base of each nail.

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The nails of the hands put between 3 and 6 months to reform completely, which corresponds to a push of 5 millimeters per month, it takes 12 to 18 months for the nails of the feet. Some diseases such as anorexia, anemia, dysfunction of the thyroid gland can leave traces on the nails, which then become a proof of the patient's medical history.

The white marks are not, contrary to popular belief, synonymous with calcium deficiency, but may be due to microtrauma (the spots are then small air bubbles due to a small shock or intensive wear like manicures repeated), an allergy to varnishes, solvents, false nails, a fungus or bacteria, psoriasis or eczema. Yellow spots are often associated with excessive smoking, early diabetes, or some antibiotic or chemotherapy treatments.

Animal Nails

Animals with flat nails are essentially primates but also very different species such as elephants. The primate nail has replaced the claw during evolution and is related to their way of foraging in trees.
The other species have mostly specialized nails called claws or hoof. Some primates, including some lemurs, have kept a claw nail that is used for grooming.

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