The head looks like it is pretty solid still so I would go at it with a wire brush on my bench grinder or angle grinder. If you found it near the pot I would expect it to be similar age. It may have a forging mark somewhere on it once you clean it up. It also may be blank like a lot of older heads. It looks to have had a smaller diameter handle judging by the hole so it may have been a stubby axe.
You might be able to find a collector or 2 around there that might have a bit more insight.