How lightning and thunder happen

How lightning and thunder happen

Lightning and Thunder

Lightning and Thunder is one of the natural phenomena - beautiful and deadly at the same time - that caught the eye and drew attention to it; given the amount of energy produced by it. Temperatures may exceed the temperature of the sun's surface, and their waves are scattered in all directions; [1] The light temperature is estimated at 29,700 degrees Celsius, thus exceeding the sun's temperature by five times. [2] associated with this phenomenon for a long time of horror and doom; Many have scared out of the house or sit alone when you hear the sound of thunder specifically, it is considered one of the natural phenomena that occur on the surface of the planet and that the modern science interpretation in several scientific explanations.

History of interpretation of the phenomenon of lightning and thunder

The American scientist Benjamin Franklin was a researcher in electrical phenomena. He was the first to attempt to explain the phenomenon of lightning and thunder in 1752 with a famous experiment using kite and key to prove that lightning is a form of electricity. He also invented a way to get rid of lightning charges that strike buildings with the invention of lightning rod . [3]

Cause lightning and thunder

The word lightning and thunder are always linked together, so we can hardly see the light of dazzling lightning until we hear the thunderous sound of thunder . Modern science has explained the cause of lightning and thunder; but there is no real consensus among the scientific community on this interpretation. The air is warm, the air carries warm water droplets and the clouds go up. The cold air goes down and carries with it the ice crystals and the cumulus clouds that cause lightning . During the storm, water drops and ice crystals move and bump into each other, generating static electric charges in the clouds. This makes the clouds charged with negative charge from the bottom, positive from the top, and generating static energy. This energy is released and the lightning is produced between the negative section beneath the cloud and the upper section of the same cloud or in another cloud or between the cloud and the surface of the earth.[4]

Types of lightning

Lightning lightning has common characteristics, and both scientists and the public have given different names according to the method of unloading the cargo. The most prominent types of lightning are:

• Lightning between the clouds ( in English: Intracloud Lightning): It is the most common type of electrical discharge , and consists in the same cloud thunder storm; where moving between different places in the same charge Cloud , always be visible to the viewer on the ground not. [5]

• Lightning from the clouds to the surface of the Earth ( in English: Cloud To Ground Lightning): It is another kind of lightning and has two forms: positive unbranched, and a negative St. which is the most prevalent. The negative form occurs when the discharge of electrical loads is huge between the cloud-laden cloud base charged with a negative charge and the surface of the ground charged with a positive charge. The positive type is a single line which is very small and is very loud and sounds like a sound bomb. [5]

• Lightning from the ground toward the clouds ( in English: Ground To Cloud Lightning): a dump of shipments between the clouds and the ground up; where arises from a place close to the ground surface, and often occur in high towers cities and skyscrapers . [5]

• Lightning Anvil ( in English: Anvil Lightning): It is a kind of lightning and thunder - like shape of the tree in a horizontal, man can or photographer to capture a clear picture of him as a result of the slow movement, and these few speed of the situation is due to occur at very high altitudes; so it looks to the viewer as they move Softly, it is also widespread. [5]
  

• Lightning - grained ( in English: Bead Lightning): It is a condition in which the lightning appears on the form of intermittent and divided parts; so - called Balhabibat. It has a small shape that is not clear, so it is difficult to capture with cameras except in the case of proximity to lightning. [5]

• Lightning Ribbon ( in English: "Ribbon Lightning): Lightning occurs in the mantle thunderstorms where the winds are fast and hits the lightning again. [5]

• Ball Lightning: It is described as a blackjack and appears as a luminous ball in the sky, a rare phenomenon. This lightning can be fast, slow, or even motionless. Some have low thunder or no sound. This type has not been recorded by meteorologists. [5]
  

Benefits of lightning

Although some consider that thunder and lightning is a terrifying phenomenon, it is really a very useful phenomenon. The most important benefits of this phenomenon: [6]

• Nitrogen is stabilized in the soil. Lightning heat converts the nitrogen in the air into carbon dioxide, which is associated with the particles of rain and falls on the soil. This is a good alternative to organic fertilizer used by farmers, especially for protein-bearing crops.

• Increase the proportion of ozone gas in the atmosphere; lightning is its high capacity to convert oxygen O 2 to ozone O 3 .

• Filter the atmosphere of contaminated plankton such as dust, dust and pollen.
  

Safety warnings from lightning

The following tips are recommended when thunderstorms occur : [7]

• If you leave the house during the thunderstorm, it is advisable to go to the low and non-salient areas, and avoid standing at the trees and electricity poles.

• When watching nearby lightning, it is advisable to take care of the nearest building or car, and stay away from rooftops or high areas.

• Water is a good conductor, so you should avoid bathing or working with water pipes.

• The use of lightning arresters to protect buildings; these shields discharge electrical charges in the ground.

References

1- ↑ JOHN ZAVISA, "How Lightning Works" , How Stuff Works , Retrieved 1-2-2017. Edited
2- ↑ "How much is the lightning temperature?" , Weather of the Arabs , 29-7-2013, seen on 2-1-2017. Acting
3- ↑ "Benjamin Franklin" , Biography , 12-11-2015, Retrived 1-2-2017. Edited
4- ↑ JOHN ZAVISA, "How Lightning Works" , huhstuffworks , Retrieved 2-1-2017. Edited
5- ^ A b t w c h x the Dan the Robinson, "Lightning Tipo And Classifications" , Storm Highway , Retrieved 1-2-2017. Edited
6- ↑ "Lightning and lightning ... great benefits under the umbrella of terror , " Arab Weather , 27-1-2015, read it on 1-2-2017. Acting
7- ↑ "The dangers of lightning and lightning" , Directorate General of the Saudi Civil Defense , see it on 1-2-2017. Acting

By: Ibrahim Abu Ghazala