📢 Scientific Method: | Theory or Practice? ✔

caracasfrases (55)in #utopian-io • 6 years ago

Steemian friend, the exploits of science and the work of man are in view of all, not only the already built sciences are strengthened, but also the birth of original scientific theories that make possible the appearance of new sciences; Therefore, the scientific method will be analyzed as a tool in the art of research.

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When discussing the scientific method, a discussion always arises regarding the critical study of scientific knowledge. Neopositivist philosophy born of empiricism (method or procedure that is based on experience and observation of the facts), makes efforts to group all sciences under the method hypothetical-deductive, since it disqualifies the scientific character of the social sciences method dialectical-historical, which consists of analyzing a historical reality already posed. This discussion always arises each time the history of science registers new knowledge and new methods; since it is said that the social sciences have no scientific meaning, because their method can not be subjected to any empirical verification based on experience and observation of facts.

The hypothetical-deductive method It has several essential steps: observation of the phenomenon to be studied, creation of a hypothesis to explain this phenomenon, deduction of consequences or propositions more elementary than the hypothesis itself, and verification or verification of the truth of the statements deduced by comparing them with experience.

The meaning of the word “method” in the scientific field, it could refer to the path that must be followed to reach an objective; and the purpose of the scientific method is to obtain the truth objectively. But in fact the word method, can have relation with the procedures that are realized to find the truth in the practice of the scientific investigation. Can we say that there is a relationship between science and the method we need? Here are some features that characterize these relationships:

*In the activity of generating science, there is no anticipation of the method with respect to the "new science", it is the opposite, scientific creation is a practical process of searches, if successful, the new science is produced as a theoretical result and the new method as a practical result.

For example, if agricultural science were to experiment with some natural components to implement a new organic fertilizer, and achieve favorable results, a new form of fertilization would be generated, generating a new method for its elaboration, in addition to the experiment It would appear as a new criterion of scientific foundation at the level of agricultural sciences.

Therefore, modern experimental research is based on logical research, mathematics; some of the scholars according to this assessment was Galileo Galilei philosopher, engineer, mathematician and Italian physicist, who indicated that the universe is facing us speaking to us the language of mathematics, he pointed out that the important thing is the quantitative, that colors, smells, sounds are subjective mere appearances that do not interest science; Within its contributions, was the need to unify theoretical research and empirical research, Galileo implemented a method that is widely used in experimental investigations, which makes them reliable and consists of the following:

* Starting from the detailed observation of a crude experiment, it is necessary to forge an ideal model of the experiment.

*The repeated repetition of the same experiment allows obtaining the average of the measured magnitudes, gradually introducing corrections before the different disturbed factors.

* The measured magnitudes are the starting point to formulate the mathematical hypothesis, from which the consequences will have to be deduced through logical reasoning.

* Finally, these consequences are later verified in the experiment and serve as indirect confirmation of the hypothesis adopted.

* In conclusion, the mathematical hypothesis is accepted from the beginning as "a postulate whose absolute truth is revealed in the future, when we know the deductions derived from this hypothesis that agree with the data of the experiment.

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Friend steemiano, in summary, we can point out that the method is defined by the research practice of science, through the scientific method we can systematically follow a series of steps that will allow us to reach results through experience and practice implemented . These issues are complex and of importance to science, they always generate philosophical debates compared to the social sciences. I hope this post allows you to start them in the exciting subject of scientific research.