Melihat dari Dekat Sumber Air Masyarakat Saree, Aceh Besar/Looking from Near Saree Residents Water Source, Aceh Besar

MINGGU, 30 Agustus 2015. Saat jarum jam menunjuk pada angka 10.30 WIB, tujuh aktivis Forum Alur Mancang Saree (FAMS) sudah bersiap-siap masuk hutan. Lima orang lagi, dengan menggunakan sepeda motor trail sudah berangkat lebih dulu. Mereka harus membawa bibit pohon yang akan ditanam. Seperti yang sudah direncanakan, mereka akan mununggu di tempat pemberhentian sementara, mereka menyebutnya buffer-zone, sebelum masuk ke hutan. Mereka membuat buffer-zone di luar luas 602 hektar Kawasan Sumber Air Alur Mancang (KSAM). Tujuannya untuk mencegah pembalakan liar. Di buffer zone inilah mereka sering berkumpul sebelum melanjutkan perjalanan masuk ke dalam hutan.

Hari itu, mereka melakukan patroli dan monitoring di Kawasan Sumber Air Alur Mancang (KSAM). Patroli dan monitoring ini rutin mereka lakukan, minimal sekali dalam sebulan. Selain untuk memantau jalur ke Alur Mancang, patroli dan monitoring mereka lakukan untuk mencegah aksi pembalakan liar, melihat jalur pipa air dan menanam bibit pohon. Semua mereka memakai sepatu boots, membawa parang, tombak dan alat gali tanah, plus Global Positioning System (GPS).

Lokasi buffer zone itu cukup mudah ditemui, karena berada di kaki bukit. Di areal tersebut, mereka menanam kemiri, pete, jengkol, mahoni. Tak jauh dari lokasi itu, sebuah plang nama berdiri tegak dengan tulisan yang hampir pudar. Isinya, “Dilarang Buang Sampah di Kawasan KSAM”. Ada tong sampah yang kondisinya sudah terbalik. “Tong sampah ini sudah dihancurkan oleh gajah,” kata Juwarno, salah satu aktivis FAMS dalam rombongan itu, seakan menangkap rasa ingin tahu saya.

Semua anggota, berjumlah 12 orang sudah berkumpul, dan mulailah mereka menyusuri jalur tracking yang biasa mereka gunakan. Jalur yang lebih mirip jalan setapak itu lebarnya tak lebih satu meter. Di sebelah kanan ada pagar kawat, sementara di bagian kiri dibatasi oleh semak-belukar. Di setiap sisi jalur itu, sudah ditanami pohon dengan jarak bervariasi, ada yang 2,5 meter dan ada yang 5 meter. Pohon yang ditanam itu berasal dari bibit yang dibawa saat patroli dan monitoring.

Jenis pohon yang ditanam bervariasi. Kalau di satu titik sudah ditanami durian, maka di titik setelahnya, mereka menanam Alpukat atau Pete. Begitu seterusnya. Kalau ada pohon yang sudah ditanami sebelumnya mati, mereka menggantinya dengan pohon lain.

Setelah hampir setengah jam perjalanan, rombongan berhenti di areal lahan lapang di dalam hutan. Lahan itu awalnya milik warga yang dibuka untuk berkebun. Namun, karena lahan itu masuk dalam kawasan sumber air, tanah itu diambil alih oleh FAMS. “Lahan ini pernah dijarah dan dijadikan kebun oleh warga,” kata Anzurdin, Ketua FAMS. Setelah dijelaskan baik-baik, katanya, bahwa kawasan itu masuk dalam areal sumber air alur mancang, masyarakat jadi mengerti dan tak lagi menggarap lahan itu.

Agar tak ada lagi warga yang kembali menggarap lahan di kawasan itu, aktivis FAMS memasang sebuah plang nama: Kawasan Hutan Sumber Air Alur Mancang/Talang. Dilarang menebang pohon dan membuka lahan – FAMS. “Dulunya di kawasan ini mau dibuka kebun coklat,” terang Anzurdin.

Ke depan, kata Anzurdin, di lahan itu akan diolah jadi kawasan ekowisata. Jalurnya sangat menantang. Di kiri ada sarang tawon. “Jangan lama-lama, apalagi dalam kondisi berkeringat, pasti digigit tawon,” seorang aktivis FAMS mengingatkan. Belum lagi, hasil temuan mereka, di lokasi itu banyak ditemukan tanaman obat-obatan.

Beberapa aktivis FAMS sibuk menggali tanah dan menanam pohon yang dibawa. Memotong ranting pohon yang mengganggu di jalur tracking. Ada yang beristirahat sambil menghisap rokok. Setiap lokasi yang dilewati selalu diberi taging dan ditandai dengan GPS. Hal itu dilakukan untuk memudahkan jalur monitoring dan pemantauan. Setiap temuan dicatat, misalnya, alur yang mati atau pohon bekas ditebang.

Selesai di sana, perjalanan kembali dilanjutkan. Sepanjang jalur tracking yang kami lalui, saya lihat pohon mahoni yang diberi tanda merah. Selain untuk menandai jalur ke Alur Mancang, tanda merah itu sekaligus sebagai peringatan, tak boleh menebang pohon. Kita tiba di lokasi Camping Ground (lokasi perkemahan). Beberapa jenis pohon sudah mulai membesar. Menurut aktivis FAMS, pohon-pohon itu, durian, alpukat, mahoni, ditanam saat kegiatan Forifera atau program penanaman pohon dengan anak Sekolah Dasar (SD).

Di lokasi itu, dipasang jalur penunjuk arah, 2 jalur berbentuk tambah: lurus ke depan jalur Alur Mancang, kiri-kanan Jalur Harimau. Selain penunjuk arah tersebut, untuk jalur harimau diberi tanda berupa cat merah di pohon mahoni. “Begini cara kita menandai jalur harimau,” kata salah seorang mereka sambil menunjuk ke pohon yang dicat merah.

Di jalur ke Alur Mancang yang kami lewati, ada jaringan pipa air. Untuk melindungi dari upaya perusakan pipa, di sepanjang jalur itu sengaja dibuat penunjuk arah. Hal ini akan memudahkan mereka memantau pipa alur. Jika ada bagian rusak atau bocor, dapat diperbaiki dengan mudah. Menurut mereka, ada 8 KK yang menyadap air melalui pipa sendiri untuk kebutuhan air mereka. Pasalnya, lokasi rumah mereka berada terpisah dari pemukiman Desa Suka Damai dan Suka Mulia.

Sebelum masuk ke kawasan perubahan iklim, ada satu lagi plang nama yang terlihat mencolok. Plang itu dipasang di areal penanaman tanaman Jaloh. “Ini tanaman Jaloh,” kata Juwarno. “Tanaman ini sebagai tanaman konservasi air.” Menurut dia, tanaman itu tergolong istimewa. Dia tak berbuah. “On jih perle, tapi boh jih hana,” demikian dia menggambarkan tanaman tersebut. Awalnya, kami berencana beristirahat di lokasi itu. Tapi, anggota FAMS lain mengusulkan agar beristirahat di kawasan Perubahan Iklim.

“Udaranya sudah mulai berbeda, kan?” kata Anzurdin, begitu kami tiba di lokasi yang dinamakan Perubahan Iklim. Tiba di lokasi itu, suhu memang berubah. Hawa dingin langsung menyengat. Pohon di kawasan itu juga cukup besar dan tinggi. “Makanya, kami menyebutnya Perubahan Iklim.” Sekitar 30 menit perjalanan dari lokasi itu, kita akan tiba di Alur Mancang Saree.

“Inilah sumber air untuk kampung kami,” kata seorang aktivis FAMS ketika kami mencapai lokasi sumber air Alur Mancang. Kami tiba di sana pukul 12.30 WIB. Saya membayangkan sebuah dam ukuran besar yang menampung berkubik-kubik air. Nyatanya, hanya berupa bak dengan ukuran 2,5 x 5 meter. Di ketiga sisinya dibeton sehingga air dari alur berbatu masuk ke dalam bak.

Air dari alur berbatu itu tak membuat dam penuh, karena air langsung dialirkan ke sebuah bak ukuran 1x1 meter, tempat mereka memasang pipa yang akan membagi air ke perkampungan penduduk. Untuk menjaga agar air yang masuk ke dalam bak itu tetap bersih tak bercampur sampah dan daun yang jatuh dari pepohonan di sekelilingnya, mereka memasang jaring besi dan jaring nilon di atas parit semen seukuran 50 centimeter yang memiliki kedalaman tak lebih dari 1 meter.

Alur Mancang itu dikelilingi oleh pohon-pohon besar yang sangat rimbun. Ada pohon beringin, pohon ara, jaloh dan beberapa jenis pohon yang berfungsi menampung air. Areal hutan yang dikelola oleh FAMS sebagai sumber air seluas 602 hektar. “Dari dam/bak penampungan air sampai ke perkampungan penduduk, jaraknya sekitar 4 kilometer,” kata Anzurdin. []

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Looking from Near Saree Residents Water Source, Aceh Besar

WEEK, August 30, 2015. When the clock is pointing at 10.30 am, seven Forum Alur Mancang Saree (FAMS) activists are preparing to enter the forest. Five more people, using a dirt bike had already left first. They must bring the seeds of the trees to be planted. As planned, they will wait at the temporary stop, they call it buffer-zone, before entering the forest. They create buffers outside the 602 hectare area of ​​the Mural Water Resources Area (KSAM). The goal is to prevent illegal logging. In this buffer zone they often gather before continuing their journey into the forest.

That day, they patrolled and monitored the Mural Water Resources Area (KSAM). Patrols and monitoring are routine they do, at least once a month. In addition to monitoring the path to Alur Mancang, their patrols and monitoring undertake to prevent illegal logging, see the water pipeline and plant tree seedlings. All of them wear boots, carrying machetes, spears and digging tools, plus Global Positioning System (GPS).

The location of the buffer zone is quite easy to find, because it is in the foothills. In the area, they plant candlenuts, bananas, jengkol, mahogany. Not far from that location, a nameplate stood erect with an almost faded writing. It contained, "No Trash Disposal in KSAM Area". There is a trash can that has turned upside down. "This garbage cann has been destroyed by elephants," said Juwarno, one of the FAMS activists in the group, as if to catch my curiosity.

All members, totaling 12 people have gathered, and start them down the tracking track they used to use. The more path-like path was not more than a meter wide. To the right is a wire fence, while on the left is bounded by shrubs. On each side of the path, already planted trees with varying distances, there are 2.5 meters and there is a 5 meter. The planted tree comes from seeds carried during patrol and monitoring.

The types of trees planted vary. If at one point has been planted with durian, then at the point afterwards, they plant Avocado or Pete. And so on. If a tree has been planted before it dies, they replace it with another tree.

After nearly half an hour's journey, the entourage stopped in the field area in the forest. The land was originally owned by residents who opened for gardening. However, because the land is included in the water source area, the land is taken over by FAMS. "This land was once looted and made into gardens by residents," said Anzurdin, Chairman of FAMS. Having explained it well, he said, that the area is included in the water source area of ​​mancang groove, the community so understand and no longer work on the land.

In order for no more citizens to return to work on land in the area, FAMS activists put up a signpost of the name: Kawasan Hutan Sumber Air Alur Mancang / Talang. Do not cut trees and open land - FAMS. "Previously in this area would open a brown garden," explained Anzurdin.

In the future, said Anzurdin, in the land will be processed into an ecotourism area. The track is very challenging. On the left there is a wasp nest. "Do not be long, especially in the condition of sweating, definitely bitten wasps," a FAMS activist reminded. Not to mention, their findings, in that location found many medicinal plants.

Some FAMS activists are busy digging up the soil and planting the trees they carry. Cut off disturbing tree branches in the tracking track. There are resting while smoking cigarettes. Each location passed by always taging and marked with GPS. This is done to facilitate monitoring and monitoring. Any findings are recorded, for example, dead grooves or scrap trees.

Done there, the journey resumed. Along the tracking path that we passed, I saw a red mahogany tree. In addition to marking the path to Alur Mancang, the red marks as well as a warning, can not cut the tree. We arrived at the Camping Ground location (camp site). Some types of trees have begun to grow. According to FAMS activists, the trees, durian, avocado, mahogany, were planted during Forifera activities or tree planting programs with elementary school children (SD).

At that location, a signpost is fitted, 2 additional lines: straight ahead of the Mural Plot line, left and right of the Tiger Lane. In addition to these directions, for the tiger path marked red paint on the mahogany tree. "Here's how we mark the path of a tiger," one of them said, pointing to the painted red tree.

On the path to Alur Mancang we passed, there was a piped water network. To protect from attempted pipe destruction, along the path was purposely made a direction. This will make it easier for them to monitor the plumbing. If any part is damaged or leaked, it can be repaired easily. According to them, there are 8 families who tap water through their own pipes for their water needs. Because the location of their houses are separated from the settlement of Suka Damai and Suka Mulia.

Before entering the climate change area, there is another name plank that looks striking. Plang was installed in the planting area Jaloh plant. "This is Jaloh plant," said Juwarno. "This plant as a water conservation plant." According to him, the plant is quite special. He does not bear fruit. "On jih perle, but boh jih hana / leaf is needed, but this tree does not bear fruit," he describes the plant. Initially, we plan to rest at that location. However, other FAMS members propose to rest in the Climate Change area.

"The air has started differently, right?" Anzurdin said, once we arrived at a location called Climate Change. Arriving at that location, the temperature did change. The cold immediately stung. The trees in the area are also quite large and tall. "That's why we call it Climate Change." About 30 minutes drive from that location, we will arrive at Alur Mancang Saree.

"This is the water source for our village," said one FAMS activist when we reached the Alur Mancang water source. We arrived there at 12.30 pm. I imagine a large dams that holds cubic water. In fact, only a tub with a size of 2.5 x 5 meters. On the three sides are concreted so that the water from the rocky grooves into the tub.

The water from the cobblestone did not create a full dam, because the water was directly drained to a 1x1 meter tub, where they installed pipes that would divide the water into the villages. To keep the water into the tub clean with no garbage and leaves falling from the surrounding trees, they installed an iron net and nylon net above a 50 centimeter cement trench with a depth of no more than 1 meter.

The Mancang plot is surrounded by huge trees that are very lush. There are banyan tree, fig tree, jaloh and some kind of tree that serves to hold water. Forest area managed by FAMS as a water source of 602 hectares. "From the dam / water reservoir to the settlement of the population, the distance is about 4 kilometers," said Anzurdin. []