People gather in the ideology of television 0/1957
(Photo: shigeichi Mr. Nagano)
History of Japan Television
- Outside Europe and North America, there is only one country whose television history goes back to the pre-war period, Japan.
1925 - the beginning of television research in Japan. The Japanese were oriented toward the Americans. The founder of the Japanese television is the teacher of the Higher Technical School Hamamatsu Kenjiro Takanayagi (part-time worked in the radio corporation N-haich-kei).
1925 - Hideatsugu Yagi from the Imperial University Tohoku invented a directional antenna, which became the prototype of all television antennas in the world (also used in radar).
1926 - Takanayagi received an image of the hieroglyph, which stands for "I", on the tube of Brown.
1927 - with the participation of Takayayagi, the Gee-Vic Corporation was established.
1928 - Takanyagi performed an experimental transmission of a human image with a scan of 40 lines, 14 frames per second.
1930 - Takanayaga's laboratory is visited by the emperor himself.
1936 - Takanayagi at the University of Waseda builds a fully electronic television system with a resolution of 245 lines. Great interest in the Japanese caused the coverage of the Olympic Games by Berlin TV. In Japan, they intended to follow the German example at the Olympic Games-40 in Tokyo, which was not held because of the Second Sino-Japanese War (moved to Helsinki).
1939 - trial transmission: 12-minute experimental drama. It was announced the early sale of relatively cheap TVs produced by JV and Toshiba. But the war prevented the implementation of these plans: regular transfers never began, all forces were thrown on strengthening foreign missions with an eye to the Pacific basin and the United States.
After the war, the first thing to do was to rebuild the broadcasting corporation (En-chech - the Latin abbreviation of Nippon Hoso Kyokai, the Japanese Broadcasting Corporation) and fire those of its employees who had pronounced militaristic views.
1945 - the resumption of radio broadcasts under the control of the American occupation authorities.
1950 - the adoption of a law that guaranteed freedom of speech, prevented militaristic and chauvinistic propaganda and contributed to the democratization of public life. It provided for the creation of a mixed broadcasting system - the availability of both public and private radio stations and telecentres. A state body was established to issue licenses for private broadcasting.
1953 - the renewal of the telecasts of the renewed state-owned company En-Haych-kay began (according to American standards).
1953 - the first commercial network "Nippon TV", which belongs to the newspaper "Iomiuri", was aired. (In the US, newspapers can not obtain licenses for broadcasting.) A commercial network would be beneficial if there were several thousand TV sets: only then could the businessmen be persuaded to advertise. The founder of the network, Matsutaro Shoriki, made a "move with a knight" - he bought large TV sets in the USA and placed them in public places. Sports shows, for example, gathered huge crowds that blocked traffic.
1955 - the beginning of the program "Tokyo Broadcasting Systems" (TBC).
1959 - the beginning of the network of "Asahi" and "Fuji". All of them belong to newspaper publishers, insurance and industrial groups.
After the war, there were only 800 TV sets in Japan, they were often installed in shop windows and in restaurants. Their price was equal to the average salary for several months. Nevertheless, in five years the number of corporal families exceeded one million.
1960 - in connection with the wedding of the Crown Prince, a direct transfer from the Imperial Palace was first permitted. This pre-announced event gave birth to a televised theater in the country where the emperor is adored and lush spectacles - at the end of the year the number of TV sets exceeded 4 million. The wedding was covered by 2 thousand television crews, 108 cameras, the transfer was 50 minutes, about 150 thousand people watched it.
1960 - the first broadcasts in color.
1985 - there were more than two TV sets per family in the country.
The Japanese are the most "binge" TV viewers in the world: the average resident of the country spends more than four hours a day at the screen. Some explain this by the strong fatigue of the Japanese from work, and others - by the high quality of the broadcasts.
The most critical comment about television was left by Soichi Ohia, a popular writer and journalist. In his essay in 1958, he noted that the habit of watching television is similar to the "peanut effect." That is, as soon as you see a bowl with peanuts on the table, you start automatically and continuously throw it into your mouth. And, like eating peanuts, once you turn on the TV, you can not turn it off. In conclusion, Ohia declared television a means to create "one hundred million idiots." The phrase became winged.
1978 - the channel "University Air" was created, a product of joint efforts of the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. This is an open university. He has his own radio and television stations, which give lectures 18 hours a day all year round. In 1993, 45,000 people were registered as students, and an estimated one million citizens are listening and / or watching programs offered by the university for free.
1968 - the beginning of development in Japan of high definition television (HDTV).
1968 - N-Haych experimented with direct satellite broadcasting for residents of mountainous and remote areas.
1990 - launch of the experimental HDTV program (standard scan - 1125 lines at the screen 3: 5).
1987 - En-Haych-Kei has two satellite programs of NTV.
1995 - Japan had about 12 million satellite dishes.
1990 - with the efforts of Marubeni, Mitsukoshi and other private companies for Japanese living outside the country, the satellite channel "Japan Satellite TV" is broadcasting. In his program, information and entertainment programs, films, sports reports and serials in their native language, English and German lessons, as well as advertising. Today, only a few countries can afford a special satellite channel for compatriots abroad.
2000 - there are 120 cable television stations in Japan, which allow watching 30 channels.
Globalization of television.
https://asiapoisk.com/articles/o_japonii/televidenie_japonii/