Crystal, Graphene, Contact Lens Polymer Supercapacitors

"One construction arrangement for this craft to avoid such interference is for the metal sheet circuits to be more sharply tuned. Quartz or other crystals can be used in capacitors; in a very large number of low-powered, single frequency circuits, or as part of a frequency control for the metal sheet circuits."
https://nexusnewsfeed.com/article/science-futures/nikola-tesla-s-flying-saucer-electromagnetic-field-lift-experiments/

"Crystals can be used for electricity through the method of piezoelectric (mechanical energy discharge), of which quartz is a typical example. When the crystal is fixed and subjected to direct force by a permanent magnet, a certain amount of electricity can be released and detected. The piezoelectric method is widely applied in cigarette lighters and gas grill ignition buttons, where battery cell is no longer needed."
https://www.bjultrasonic.com/electricity-generation-through-crystals/

"According to the lead researcher in the study that developed the new supercapacitor, Dr. Zhuangnan Li (UCL Chemistry):

“We designed materials which would give our supercapacitor a high power density – that is how fast it can charge or discharge – and a high energy density – which will determine how long it can run for. Normally, you can only have one of these characteristics but our supercapacitor provides both, which is a critical breakthrough”

Dr. Zhuangnan Li and his team achieved that breakthrough by fine-tuning the pore size of the graphene sheet used."
https://freedomforever.com/blog/new-supercapacitor/

"A group of U.K. researchers recently identified an unlikely new material that could help improve the performance of these devices.

A plastic based on the polymer used in soft contact lenses could be the key to better supercapacitors, an advance that could in turn be applied to electric cars, reports Bloomberg.

The material borrowed from contact lenses was used to replace the electrolyte in supercapacitors."

"In tests, it appeared to show the ability to boost energy density 1,000 to 10,000 times over present levels."

"Current supercapacitors average an energy density of 5 watt-hours per kilogram, against an average 100 watt-hours per kilogram for lithium-ion cells, notes Bloomberg."
https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1107665_supercapacitor-energy-density-could-soar-using-contact-lens-polymer

"On a pound-for-pound basis, the best capacitors can only store one-fifth to one-tenth the equivalent of a chemical battery. On the other hand, batteries can start to wear out after five years, while supercapacitors last at least three times as long."
https://www.fuelfreedom.org/can-supercapacitors-replace-batteries/