Insufficient water intake may lead to the following health problems

I. Urinary system problems

1. Kidney stones: When there is insufficient water intake, the concentration of substances such as calcium and oxalic acid in urine increases, making it easy to form stones. Stones can cause symptoms such as waist pain and hematuria. In severe cases, it can affect kidney function.
2. Urinary tract infections: Drinking less water will reduce urine volume, and bacteria will stay in the urinary tract for a longer time, increasing the risk of infection. Urinary tract infections can manifest as symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, and pain.

II. Digestive system problems

1. Constipation: Adequate water helps keep the intestines moist and makes feces easier to excrete. Insufficient water intake will lead to dry stools and cause constipation. Long-term constipation may also lead to anorectal diseases such as hemorrhoids and anal fissures.
2. Indigestion: Water participates in the process of digestion and absorption of food. Insufficient water intake will affect the secretion of digestive juices such as gastric juice and pancreatic juice, leading to problems such as indigestion and loss of appetite.

III. Cardiovascular system problems

1. Increased blood viscosity: Lack of water will make the blood become viscous and the flow speed will slow down. This will increase the burden on the heart and easily lead to cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and coronary heart disease.
2. Increased risk of thrombosis: High blood viscosity is prone to thrombosis, especially in the elderly and people with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Once a thrombus detaches, it may block blood vessels and cause serious consequences such as myocardial infarction and stroke.

IV. Skin problems

1. Dry skin: Water is an important factor in maintaining skin elasticity and luster. Insufficient water intake will cause the skin to lose moisture and become dry and rough, and prone to wrinkles and itching.
2. Accelerated skin aging: Long-term lack of water will affect the metabolism of the skin and accelerate the speed of skin aging.

V. Other problems

1. Headache: Dehydration may cause headaches, especially in hot weather or after intense exercise. Timely replenishment of water can relieve headache symptoms.
2. Fatigue and weakness: Lack of water in the body will affect the normal function of cells and make people feel tired and weak. Maintaining adequate water intake helps improve the body's energy level and work efficiency.