Bykhov castle-a monument of architecture of Belarus

Bykhov castle – a monument of Belarusian architecture, built on the shore of the Dnieper on the territory of the city-fortress of Bykhov, in the Mogilev region. The Palace and castle ensemble, which is the Central part of the defensive structure of the city, has its own original history and, unfortunately, it is dramatic. Of the once magnificent structure in ruins, the island was deserted and left unattended. But about all under the order.

The history of the castle brings us back to the end of the XVI century. It was in 1590 that the Lithuanian Hetman Jan khodkevich received a permit for its construction. It was supposed that it will be a country residence which will be able to withstand any approach of the enemy. The castle was separated by ramparts, around the perimeter dug three huge pits with water, built towers for defense. The work was started only twenty years later, a long time created a draft of an impregnable fortress, and in 1619-m kit was finished.

Despite the power of the structure, the structure was radically redesigned according to the new plan. When in 1928 the owner of the territory of the Palace complex became a state and military leader Lev Sapega project was revised and rebuilt, significantly strengthening. This was due to the fact that the magnate feared the offensive of the Ukrainian Cossacks. The castle until the end of the century still belonged to Sapieha family.

The first significant damage to the Palace complex was during the confrontation between Moscow and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. During the war, which lasted for 1654-67 years, the cities of Belarus one by one were erased from the face of the earth. Since the beginning of the confrontation, the Russian army has besieged the castle. The residents of Bykhov eighteen months showed resistance army under the leadership of Trubetskoy. It was then that the castle and the city received the first serious injuries. After a time, the area was conquered by the army of Hetman Czarnecki, after which the city ranked as the Commonwealth.

Another historical event, after which the walls of the Palace complex suffered even more, was the Northern war. When local government and residents took the side of king Charles XII of Sweden, the territory was besieged twice. From the onslaught of the Russian and Polish troops the castle fell.

When Sinitsky took the side of the Swedish king, he turned the castle into his own residence.

For this reason Peter I sent to Bykhov punitive groups which about seven years settled down in the city. First of all, almost all the defense supplies and artillery were taken from the complex, and they were taken to Kiev. When the Russian army left the territory of the castle, soldiers were undermined shafts and gates, and he lost his defensive ability.

In 1772, the city is part of Russia. The Sapeg family did not pay the necessary attention to the residence, the territory was confiscated and its walls gradually collapsed. When in the middle of the XIX century prison and barracks settled here, the complex was restored, but soon the condition significantly worsened. In the XX century the castle was again destroyed, the gate dismantled, and the Bastion, located in the southern part, destroyed.

In 2004, the castle survived a fire that thoroughly destroyed the structure. To date, the complex is empty and remains, to put it mildly, in a deplorable state. The land on which is situated the castle of Hotkevicha and Sapieha (as it is called) is an integral part of the city in the city of Bykhov. In 2014, it was decided to restore the magnificent architectural monument. A pair of outer towers were restored, there were alleys and lawn grass.

It is expected that in 2018 the castle will be fully restored under the new project and the complex will start functioning as a Museum. We wait for news and hope that soon we will be able to visit a historical place with excursion.

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