The Water quality needs to be checked. Because not all water is suitable for goldfish. Unsuitable water can cause death and cause great loss. The Water quality checks aim to know the various physical, biological and chemical properties of water. Physical properties of water consist of three basic parameters, namely colour, turbidity and temperature.

Water quality refers to the chemical, physical, biological, and radiological characteristics of water.It is a measure of the condition of water relative to the requirements of one or more biotic species and or to any human need or purpose.It is most frequently used by reference to a set of standards against which compliance, generally achieved through treatment of the water, can be assessed. source

The quality of water is as important to goldfish as the air we breathe is to us as people. After all, if the water is poisonous, the health of the fish will suffer as a consequence. source

The biology nature of water consists of two parameters, the principal species and the number of living animals. While the chemical nature consists of five basic parameters, namely pH, oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2), alkalinity and ammonia (NH3). To check the quality of water, it is better to ask for help from the research centre, college or other related institutions.

Physical parameters of water quality

The most influential water physics parameters in fish maintenance are light intensity, brightness, turbidity, temperature and watercolour.

Physical characteristics of water (temperature, colour, taste, odour and etc.) are determined by senses of touch, sight, smell and taste. For example temperature by touch, colour, floating debris, turbidity and suspended solids by sight, and taste and odour by smell. source

Water temperature is one of the parameters of physics that need to be considered because it can affect the rate of fish metabolism such as growth, breeding, breathing, heartbeat, enzyme activity and other physiological processes in fish.
This situation will be seen in the maintenance of fish with low temperatures can cause slow fish growth even stalled.In addition, the temperature will also affect the levels of oxygen dissolved in water and the poisoning power of a contaminant.

Water temperature affects several important physical properties and water characteristics: thermal capacity, density, specific weight, viscosity, surface tension, specific conductivity, solubility and solubility of soluble gases and so on. Rates of chemical and biological reactions increase with increasing temperature. . The reaction rate is usually assumed to double over for a temperature rise of 10 ° C. The water temperature in rivers and streams worldwide varies from 0 to 35 ° C.source

Every organism has maximum, optimum and minimum temperature requirements for its life and has the ability to adapt to a certain temperature. Instinct fish have a low tolerance for temperature changes. A Good temperature for the maintenance of fish Mas is ranging from 25-30 O C.

The amount of direct sunlight that falls somewhere depends on the seasons, the geographical location, the time, the falling angle, the height of the place from the sea surface and the state of the atmosphere. The light falling on the surface of the water will partly be reflected and part of it into the water.

Refraction is the change in direction of a wave due to a change in velocity. It happens when waves travel from a medium with a given refractive index to a medium with another. At the boundary between the media the wave changes direction, its wavelength increases or decreases but frequency remains constant. source

This incoming light will determine the brightness of a water. The light entering the water will refract so that its speed quickly decreases then disappears at a certain depth. Sunlight at the culmination point position (12:00 noon) can only penetrate the depth of clear water up to 100 m.

The Water brightness is strongly influenced by water conditions such as turbidity, viscosity, colour and surface waves. The higher the level of turbidity the more shallow water the light can penetrate the water (light penetration). Similarly, the thicker and wavy the shorter the translucency in the water. Therefore there is an inverse relationship between brightness with turbidity, viscosity and surface water waves.

A good brightness for the life of a fish is brightness with the amount of sunlight entering optimally so that the process of photosynthesis can run well and the number of adequate phytoplankton for fish food.

Then, The colour of the water in the waters is influenced by brightness/turbidity factors, floating materials both live and dead, the quality of light entering the waters, the colour of the sky and the base colour of the waters. Visible watercolours often do not harm fish life, except by toxic pollutants such as acid, humus or toxic chemicals. The colour of water is good for the life of the fish Mas is brownish green colour.

The Chemical parameters.

The major water chemistry parameters are dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide content (CO2), water pH (acidity degree), Alkalinity, Ammonia (NH3 and NH4), Sulfidic Acid (H2S) and Salinity. The Oxygen dissolved in water is very determining the life of fish, if low oxygen levels can affect biological function and slow growth, even can lead to fish mortality.

The Solubility of oxygen in water is observed by several factors including temperature, salinity (salinity) of water, water movement on the surface of the water, the open surface area of the water, atmospheric pressure and the percentage of oxygen around it. For the life of the fish, Mas comfortably required a minimum oxygen level of 4 mg per litre.

Then related with carbon dioxide or known by the name of charcoal acid is required indirectly by the fish. In other words, carbon dioxide is needed in the process of photosynthesis of phytoplankton and the determinants of the degree of acidity (pH) of the water

Alkalinity is important for fish and aquatic life because it protects or buffers against pH changes (keeps the pH fairly constant) and makes water less vulnerable to acid rain. The main sources of natural alkalinity are rocks, which contain carbonate, bicarbonate, and hydroxide compounds. Borates, silicates, and phosphates may also contribute to alkalinity. Limestone is rich in carbonates, so waters flowing through limestone regions generally high alkalinity - hence its good buffering capacity. Conversely, granite does not have minerals that contribute to alkalinity. Therefore, areas rich in granite have low alkalinity and poor buffering capacity. source

Fish will experience breathing difficulties at carbon dioxide levels exceeding 15 ppm and can still survive by increasing dissolved oxygen in the water. Conversely, too little CO2 will negatively affect photosynthesis as this gas is the raw material for glucose formation (Calvin-Benson cycle). Good CO2 content for Mas fish farming, maximum 25 mg / l.

Then, Ammonia in the waters comes from the breakdown of organic nitrogen (proteins and urea) and inorganic nitrogen present in soil and water; can also be derived from the decomposition of organic matter (grown and dead aquatic biota) carried out by microbes and fungi. Ammonia content is good for the cultivation of goldfish is a maximum of 0.1 mg / l.

Then the last chemical parameters including Alkalintis, due to the ability of a compound (carbonate and bicarbonate) present in water to neutralize strong acids or also known as buffers. Good alkalinity content for Mas fish farming is 50 - 30 mg / l.

Conclusion

From the description above, it can be concluded that the water quality needs to be checked. Because not all water is suitable for goldfish. Unsuitable water can cause death and cause great loss. Water quality checks aim to know the various physical, biological and chemical properties of water. Physical properties of water consist of three basic parameters, namely colour, turbidity and temperature.

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Reference

Waterquality source
whats-the-big-deal-about-water-quality source
Physical characteristics of water source
Refraction source
Chemical-parameters-good-water-quality source

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