Not enhanced abilities per say but there is a slight difference in each individual, for instance few years ago a Dress pic dominated social media, the color of the dress was seen differently in two groups of person.One group see white and gold, while the other group see black and blue,.
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I personally see black and blue colors ! Anyway to respond to your other question

I wonder if there is any truth to the claim that woman can see more colors than men on average

I really don't know for sure, if you find something let me know ! Anyway thanks for stopping by ;)