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This is an easy-to-understand list that I have compiled of Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives and Verbs which can be used by English teachers or students of English.  

 

identify objects or people and can be classified as:   

-Proper Nouns: 

These start with a capital letter such as names of places Dubai, Thursday and people e.g. Susan Smith, etc.   

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-Common Nouns: 

Names of objects such as table, chair; bus etc.   

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-Collective Nouns: 

These refer to groups of objects or people such as the army, the press, the police, etc.   

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-Countable Nouns: 

These are things that can be counted singularly such as dog, cat, apple, telephone, etc. The plural is usually made by adding ‘-s’.

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-Uncountable Nouns: 

These are also called mass nouns and identify such things as money, hair, etc.   

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-Compound Nouns: 

These are two nouns combined to identify one object such as address book, living room, etc.   

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are used to refer to nouns without repeating things already spoken about. There are several different kinds of pronouns.   

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-Personal Pronouns: 

Consist of words to refer to oneself, other people or things that you are talking, like I, we, you, he, she, it, and they - when used to refer to the subject of a sentence, and me, us, you, him, he, it and them - when referring to the object of a sentence.   

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-Possessive Pronouns: 

These identify objects or people that ‘belong’ to someone such as mine, ours, yours, his, hers and theirs.   

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-Reflexive Pronouns: 

These are used to refer back to the subject of an action such as myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, yourselves and themselves.   

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describes people or things and give more information about such things as the qualities of an object, thing or person.   

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-Colour Adjectives: 

These state the colour of something e.g. blue, green, grey, etc.   

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-Classifying Adjectives: 

These describe which class a person or thing belongs to e.g. industrial, official, historical, etc.   

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-Qualitative Adjectives: 

These are words such as big, happy, strong, etc., and can be graded to demonstrate variable levels of the quality described. An example of an adjective being modified is the use of the word very in this sentence: ‘John was very surprised when he opened the door’. Other words (called modifiers) can be used to increase or lessen the meaning of adjectives such as rather, quite, extremely, etc.   

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-Comparative Adjectives: 

These, as the name suggests, compare qualities. Examples are words such as smaller, prettier, etc. When a word has one syllable, the letter ‘-er’ is put at the end of the adjective. ‘-er’ is also placed at the end if it is a two-syllable adjective which ends in ‘y’. Other two and three syllable adjectives use the word ‘more’ in front of them to form a comparative, or more, the word more is placed in front of it e.g., dark - darker, busy – busier, beautiful – more beautiful.   

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-Superlative Adjectives: 

These are words that are used to express the limit described by an adjective. Words such as cleanest, saddest, etc. Words of three syllables or more have the word “most” placed in front of them e.g. ‘It was the most exciting game in the world.’   

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express action, process or state about the noun which you are talking about.   

-Regular Verbs: 

These have the same ending in common (-ed), such as the verbs:   

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-Irregular Verbs: 

These verbs have irregular endings, such as the verbs:   

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-Auxiliary verbs: 

These are the verbs which ‘help’ the main verbs and are the verbs: be, do and have.   

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Auxiliary Modal Verbs: 

These are verbs which also help the main verb but they also express the mood of the sentence. 

The modal verbs in English are:   

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An example of how modal verbs change the mood or feeling of a sentence can be seen if the following sentences are compared: 

'I can sing'

'I could sing'

'I may swim'

'I have to swim'

'I will swim'

'I should swim' 

References:

https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Grammar_of_English_Grammars/Part_II

http://english-zone.com/spelling/comparerules.html