I think one of the things youre missing is that it is not enough to merely cite a copied full text article. That is still plagiarism. Fair use allows for a cited excerpt of copyrighted material as part of a larger, original work.

Translating a full copyrighted work is absolutely plagiarism, unless such the author explicitly waives those rights.

Though i believe this law is just, thats effectively beside the point. It is the law.

Think about it. Imagine you wrote and published a book or scholarly article for which you recieved royalties. Would you be OK with someone selling that book online, with you recieving nothing except a footnote credit?
Or with someone translating it and selling it in china again with you getting nothing in return.