Human cloning: How is human cloning and why it raises concerns ?

When  we follow the pace of scientific progress and technological development  and modern science and how it is faster than we imagine and what we  expected, we think how life was twenty years ago and there is no mobile  or smart phone or Internet or modern means of communication and services  and free communication and wonder and we are ourselves who lived these  conditions and live Now as if we have moved from planet to planet and we do not feel. The  fact that we do not know that every scientific research results in a  result or a modern invention took years, but because we see the picture  from the outside without attention to detail, we feel what we said  above. Come to approach one of the most exciting scientific issues after the  success of the first cloning experiment for a human embryo has been  announced, so we will talk about human cloning 

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Definition of Reproduction
Reproduction  is a process in which access to a living organism is accomplished by  using non-genetic cells taken from the normal body tissues.  Specifically, the non-genetic cells are meant to be the sperm cells of  the male and the egg cells of the female. This embryo is identical in terms of the genes present in the nucleus  of the primary cell with the person from which the somatic cell was  taken. If we took a cell from the hair of a man's head and extracted the  genetic ribbon from the nucleus of the cell, the embryo would carry  exactly the same gene.
Reproduction process
How  do scientists conduct this process? At first, a physical cell of the  organism that wants to reproduce a fetus with the same genetic and  genetic characteristics is taken. The scientists then empty the cell and  separate its nuclei containing the genetic band containing the DNA, the  genetic material The extract from inside the nucleus is 46 chromosomes. Then  the scientists integrate the nucleus belonging to the first organism  inside the egg-free nucleus also from the female incubator, and then  expose the egg to an electrical charge and begins to divide the nucleus  of the primary cell and consists of the pair, the initial group of cells  that begin the process of division until the formation of the fetus. This embryo will naturally be pregnant for all the genes of the first  organism whose entire genes have been extracted for implantation in this  new embryo
Historical path of cloning

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Donkey International: The first mammal is successfully cloned an international sheep
Is  the first mammal to be successfully cloned and the process of  scientific research takes a long time but we do not know that and focus  on the results and the overall picture. For  example, cloning began in the mid-20th century in the 1950s, when a  small frog was cloned from a frog. This was the first real breakthrough  in the cloning of living organisms. The  pace of cloning has slowed down due to a number of restrictions on the  quality of the research and the lack of enthusiasm of scientific  research agencies and investors to support this research in Mali, and  many years after the success of scientists was announced in the  reproduction of Dolly famous sheep. Which  resulted in a revolution in the history of modern science and in the  field of cloning. The process of cloning Dolly sheep was carried out by a  cell extracted from other sheep's breasts and then collected by a  non-eucalyptus egg taken from another sheep. The fertilized egg was  exposed to an electric charge. The split began. The result was Dolly's  sheep. The world at the end of the twentieth century, and talked about by world news agencies. Dolly's  sheep were the beginning of more experiments on other animals. Cats,  rats and some pigs were cloned, and sheep, rabbits and cows were cloned.  Because  scientific research succeeds after times of failure, all experiments  have failed to clone certain species of animals such as dogs, monkeys,  horses and chickens. The reasons for the failure of cloning in these animals are unknown. It keeps thinking about human cloning. Many restrictions have been imposed in the West on any research on  cloning in humans. At the end of last week I was surprised by the  announcement by one of the research bodies about the cloning of the  first human embryo using stem cell technologies
Reproduction applications
One  of the most important applications of reproduction is the production of  new species and species from some plants, including rare plants. The  most important applications of cloning use in the field of stem cell  production, which is a large area has become a branch of the same  branches of science and conducts thousands of research in all  universities of the world. Scientists see it as the solution to most chronic and debilitating diseases that afflict humans. Use  this cloning in a way that is called tissue or therapeutic cloning by  taking a stem cell from a tissue we want to reproduce. Then we integrate  this cell with the eukaryotic cell cell and supply it to the  electricity to begin the split and are implanted in a vital medium to  produce an embryo. Stem cells are then extracted from the fetus, The  tissue is intended for the process and then we can transplant it in a  person that conforms histologically with this cloned tissue. Scientists  are trying to clone stem cells to produce skin cells to replace burned  or inflamed skin or chronic diseases such as leprosy, vitiligo and other  skin diseases and skin cancer. Stem  cells that produce this process also have pancreatic cells, which are  of great interest because if successful they will eliminate diabetes  altogether. Scientists are also interested in researching the production of stem cells for testes and ovaries to treat infertility. So we imagine the possibilities in the near future and it was the cloning that some people feared
The difference between cloning and natural fertilization
The  difference between normal and normal cloning and fertilization, which  occurs in the sexual process between men and women, is that the natural  pollination takes place with the integration of a sperm that contains in  its nucleus 23 chromosome "gene carriers" with an egg carrying 23  chromosomes in its nucleus, thus producing an organism called zygote, 46  A chromosome begins to divide into a number of cells, each cell of  which is a member of the body organs in the embryo formed, and this  embryo carries a mix of the genes of the father and mother and this mix  guarantees him unique and distinct genes for both father and mother. In  the case of cloning, we remove one of the somatic cells, not the  nationality of the chromosomes, and then merge them with a cell of a  hollow egg from the chromosomes to form an initial zygote cell. Then the  fetus carries the genes of the first mother cell completely, and thus  the embryo emerges a similar and cloned model from the first parental  organism from which we extracted the first cell

Human cloning
Human  cloning was still restricted by laws and ban in many Western countries,  led by Britain and the United States, for fear of the impact if it  happened on human existence and human civilization if it was exposed in  the future because of the cloning of a mutator or a bloody tyrant. Some scientists specialize in this science. One  of the reasons that delay human cloning is the need for large funding  and the failure rates in the experiments of more than 90%. The results  and examination of experimental animals that cloned proved that cloned  animals suffer more than other severe weakness of immunity and  susceptibility to malignant tumors and diseases of the nervous system  and more exposed Sudden death and all this delays the start of human cloning. But scientists are seeking to use it to transplant human tissues to be  used as alternative transplantable organs and this will achieve a major  medical achievement, which will contribute to the treatment of patients  with liver failure and kidney failure, diabetes and heart disease and  blood vessels and research to use stem cells by cloning in the  production of nerve cells and this will be a great breakthrough