"If I'm playing a game against you, I'm going to optimize my moves to maximize my chance of winning. At the same time, you're going to optimize your moves to maximize your chance of winning; so my optimization problem has to take your optimization into account, and yours has to take mine into account."

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Boyd came up with this concept called OODA

OODA loop
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Diagram of a decision cycle known as the Boyd cycle, or the OODA loop

The phrase OODA loop refers to the decision cycle of observe, orient, decide, and act, developed by military strategist and United States Air Force Colonel John Boyd. Boyd applied the concept to the combat operations process, often at the strategic level in military operations. It is now also often applied to understand commercial operations and learning processes. The approach favors agility over raw power in dealing with human opponents in any endeavor."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OODA_loop

Take into account the Orientation cycle is the crucial one.