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James J. Bulger (born September 3, 1929 in Dorchester, Massachusetts) is a former fugitive, alleged leader of the Winter Hill Gang, a branch of the Irish Mafia based in Boston, Massachusetts, and currently incarcerated. He is the older brother of William M. Bulger, former president of Massachusetts and the University of Massachusetts.

On August 19, 1999, James J. Bulger added to the list of the ten most wanted FBI fugitives; he was wanted for theft, murder, criminal conspiracy to commit murder, extortion, and drug trafficking. He was arrested in his Santa Monica, California apartment with his partner, Catherine Greig, on June 22, 2011. He was 81 on the day of his arrest and had poor health.

After his release, with his condition to hold a job, Bulger worked as a janitor thanks to his brother William, who found him a place at the Boston Court of Justice, as well as on construction sites. But in 1967, he began bookmaker and lender, linking with Donald Killeen, leader with his brother the dominant mafia group of South Boston, called the gang Killeen. At that time, his mentor was another gang member, William S. O'Sullivan, named Billy O'Sullivan. A gang war began in 1971 between the Killeen gang and the Mullen gang, leading to a series of murders across Boston and its surrounding suburbs. It is on this occasion that, according to Kevin Weeks, Bulger commits his first murder, in 1971: he slaughters Donald McGonagle, gangster brother Paulie McGonagle with whom Bulger confused him. This murder will lead to the assassination of Billy O'Sullivan in retaliation by the Mullen gang. On May 13, 1972, Donald Killeen is shot dead, ending the conflict