Is there anyone here curious about how the detergent remove the dirt in your clothes?

Detergent is the one we use for cleaning our clothes because it is effective to remove dirt. These detergents are in a chemical substances form in a liquid or powder. More technically, it is a mixture of ‘surfactants’ that possess cleaning properties in diluted solutions.

According to collins dictionary:

A surfactant is a substance which is added to a process to reduce the surface tension of one or more components.

According to H.M.J. van Eijk, F.A. Majoor, in Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition (Second Edition), 2003

Surfactants are chemicals that lower the surface tension of water, and thus aid the ‘wetting’ of surfaces. For this reason, they are commonly called wetting agents. They also aid the penetration of the cleaning solution into the deposit.

Surfactant molecules consist of a lipophilic or hydrophobic tail (water hating; likes grease, oil and dirt ) and a hydrophillic (water loving) head.

How detergent tries to separate the dirt from cloths

The hydrophobic tail attaches itself to grime and dirt, while the hydrophilic head gets affixed to water molecules. Therefore, when the dirty clothes are put inside a washing machine or by a hand wash, dirt is pulled away from the cloth and washed away in the water, leaving the cloth clean.

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References:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/surfactant