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One of the major causes of death of people is due to various diseases. Medical science works with the prevention and treatment of this disease. In fact, one of the major causes of death in the front of the statue of a medical practitioner stands in the way of medical science. Internal chemical co-ordinated diseases, external parasites caused by the body; Medical treatment of various diseases later in the coverage. Every new discovery of medicine is giving people a new life, taking people forward to one step towards immortality. Currently, Nano-technology, Gene Engineering and Computer Engineering together with therapeutics have emerged as one of the superpower that is determined to solve all the biological problems of the people.

Microscope

Since the invention of rubbed glass lenses in the fourteenth century, microscopes have been discovered to have been developed in phases for almost 600 years , from the early 20th century's advanced three-dimensional electron microscope . The mechanisms of microscope are widely spread in many branches of physics, chemistry and medicine. In the twentieth century, only four scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize in the discovery of modern microscopes, in the Department of Physics and Chemistry.

The advent of microscopy introduced a new era in medical science. After the discovery of a simple optical microscope in the seventeenth century, after the invention of the medical scientists, the evil bacteria responsible for the epidemic were responsible for the epidemic. People know that the cause of epidemic is not the result of rampant karma, curse or mischief. Rather, very small parasitic infection.

The invented microscope of Anton van Leeuwenhoek was possible to observe the object at least 1 micrometer
(1 micrometer = 10 - 6 meters = one millimeter of one millimeter). So far only microscopic parasites have been identified to detect bacteria. Usually the size of bacteria is 1-5 micrometers. The virus was not yet discovered. Because the dimensions of the nano meter can not be seen in the energizing power of the photo real microscope. Compared to bacteria, the virus is so small that a bacteria can also carry on its back, a Pala virus. Even sometimes, some bacteria are also infected with viral infection.

                           Microscope invented by Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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Later, in the late nineteenth century, the concept of the existence of a new type of microbial in the world of microbes originated, which is not possible to identify with the help of small and light microscopic instruments. After the discovery of electron microscope at the beginning of the twentieth century, the microscopic microscope that we are currently talking about is the virus. Generally the size of the virus is up to 20-500 nano meters (1 nanometer = 10-9 m = 1 millimeter of 1 millimeter). However, some giant and complex virus can be approximately equal to bacteria in length, up to 2000 nano meters or about 2 micrometers

                        Electron microscope

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The view boundary of the photoreal microscope was limited to the visible wavelength. Therefore, visible objects can not be seen with light microscope. Electron microscope is used instead of light in the electron beam. As a result, the enlargement capacity of the microscope increased thousands of times. With the help of an electron microscope, the length of objects can also be seen in a few angstrom (1 angstrom = 10 -10 meters = one millimeter one-millimeter). After the discovery of electron microscope, it is possible to identify these parasitic bacteria and viruses easily. Currently Scanning Tunneling MicroscopeIt is possible not only to create two-dimensional images but also to create 3D diagrams of these parasites. In a word, it was possible to identify parasites for the first time with a microscopic parasitic disease, and it was possible to successfully accomplish that with microscopy.

                                 Scanning Tunneling Microscope

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Microscopic devices are now closely related to medical science. Antibiotic and vaccine research, surgical treatment, etc., the function of many parts of medical science can not be considered in the absence of micro-organisms. In addition, the role of microscopes is dominated by all the discovery and research of molecular biology, micro-biology, genetic engineering, and nanotechnology. Without the microscope, these branches of science were not possible. Discovery and modernization of claimant microscope for a large part of the achievement of the advanced medical service we receive today.

Vaccines and antibiotics

The great world of microbes found under the microscope lens, which was so long ago that the parasites were paralyzed, that the parasitic epidemics would have been plagued by pestilence; After finding them, they started researching to suppress them. As a result of this research, two-level security measures were discovered to protect the human body from the attack of this minor organism . To prevent the invasion of germs, a strong castle, which we know as a vaccine or vaccine, and if the stronger germs enter through the fort, then the army to whom we call antibiotics Vaccines prevent immunity from bacterial infections combined with immune system. With germs entering the body in the surroundings and destroying it, it can not cause the disease in the body.

On the other hand, when the immune system fails to prevent the transmission of germs, when strong germ survives the immune system, the disease occurs only in the body. Then the antibiotic is applied to the germs that can be destroyed and cured; Which enters the body and detects the evil germs and attacks them and destroys them and returns the patient to a healthy lifestyle.

Antibiotics are always applied against bacteria. Antibiotics are not applicable for the viral infection. There are antiviral medicines for them. However, antiviral drugs, such as antiviral drugs, do not have the same effect on different types of bacteria. Specific antiviral medicine is used to prevent the spread of specific viruses. And the virus has the ability to become drug resistant by evolving faster than bacteria, so antiviral medicines are also needed to be regularly developed and useful.

Now let's see the history of being killed in the medical history of parasitic mortality in the form of an inauspicious and epidemic; Details about the success of vaccines and antibiotics.

Cholera

There was a time when village was destroyed after the village of Cholera. Cholera was called 'Ola Lip'. The call was considered as an angry behavior of the evil soul called 'Ola'. At one end of the village, cholera would become terrifying until the other end.

                           microscopic shape of the bacterial vibrio cholerae

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But today we know that there is no chronic anger of evil spirits, but Vibrio cholerae is cholera infections of bacteria . Stay away from the epidemic now, not to mention cholera as deadly disease. It is possible to get relief from cholera disease by applying proper antibiotic. Currently, cholera treatment is encouraged only by applying antibiotics. However , there are three types of useful vaccines in the Prevention of Precaution for the wearing areas which are seriously infected . Two doses of two weeks apart from cholera protection for roughly three years. A vaccine builds resistance (for about six months) for a short time. The chance to call cholera a deadly disease is no longer at all.

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Small Pox

Cottage Spring was one of the deadly deadly diseases that spread to the epidemic of rural areas. If somebody had heard of some spring, people would have been approaching several villages nearby. Poor spring was also considered to be evil spirit, sometimes the result of sin. If someone survived from the spring, the mutilation was almost sure.

                        The microscopic shape of variola virus

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But not the result of any sin, but the virus of infection of variola virus is in the spring . As a result of the advancement of medical science, the world is free from smallpox. On the 8th of May, 1980, the World Health Organization (WHO)'s 33th session declared the world as Variola virus . Now in the open environment of the world, the germs of the gutter do not roam, they are now in two jails. In the laboratory of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology (Vector Institute) in Russia, some of the Variola viruses are preserved in the WHO's supervision.

                               Micro-mechanical structure of variola virus

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Despite the extinction, only 2.4 million dose vaccines are stored in the WHO headquarters in Switzerland, to combat emergency situations and to protect against unwanted infections. In addition, France, Germany, Japan, New Zealand and United States have around 31 million vaccines vaccine vaccine. Variola virus was killed in the first generation of ticker injuries. Currently, the collection of vaccine contains the second and third generation of immunizations which contribute to the modern 'Cell Culture' system.

Tuberculosis - TB

The generation of our parents has heard that the common practice is 'not saved on tuberculosis' or 'who has tuberculosis, not his protection'. In childhood, on the state television advertisement, we have heard that "Tuberculosis is not saved, it is not the basis of the statement". Now it's close. It has become a matter of fact that the need for promotion also ends, and the need for the campaign to end. There was a time in the near future when tuberculosis was deadly. And it is always considered to be the same unforeseen cause behind the apparently deadly disease; Karma, curse, consequences of sin and the absence of supernatural power. Whenever the discovery of the treatment of lethal hemispheres began to get its results, the curse of these supernatural forces would be where it disappears.

At present, tuberculosis is not deadly disease nor even incurable disease. TB is completely cured in a systematic, long-term treatment. Bacterial infection of the lung Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis. If these bacterial infections try to prevent the immune system's breeding and not allow infection to become a disease. Despite many people getting infected, life-long bacteria can not make him sick and he can not spread bacteria from his body. That is, tuberculosis does not occur even after bacteria responsible for tuberculosis, for the benefit of powerful immune system. Those who have weak immune systems are more susceptible to tuberculosis than their bacterial infections.

                         Mycobacterium tuberculosis microscopic structure of bacteria

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Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a Tx vaccine vaccine or vaccine . Generally, vaccines are given to children in areas where tuberculosis is high. Although this vaccine does not prevent immunity from tuberculosis, the bacteria help the immune system protect against tuberculosis after infection, which protects against many TB from attack. In addition to infants, this vaccine is sometimes applied to adults in order to prevent specific types of bacterial infections.

There are 10 specialized medicines for the treatment of tuberculosis . Depending on the type of bacteria and condition of the disease, the necessary medicines are determined. Considering the extent of disease, condition of the patient and related accessories, treatment of tuberculosis with a dose of 6 to 9 months in the long duration of 62 to 182 is done.

The most important aspect of TB treatment is that a dose of medicine can not be omitted in any way during the course of treatment . The doctor's advice must be properly accepted by medicines. The greatest loss is what will happen - then the surviving bacteria become active again , the wear and are resistant to the medicine ( Drug Resistant) will be. Once the tuberculosis bacteria becomes medicinal in the body, it becomes difficult and more expensive to heal the patient. Small negligence in the treatment of tuberculosis can push the patient in the face of death.

Drug Resistant Due to IrradiationAfter getting infected with bacteria, the patient has to undergo intensive care of TB specialist. Generally, drug resistant bacteria became resistant to one type of primary medication called Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. In that case, it is necessary to use more powerful medicines. In very few cases, multiple and high levels of drug resistant bacteria can be seen. These are called Extensively drug-resistant (XDR). The most risky and challenging treatment took place. XDR infected TB is treated through the highly controlled levels of Fluoroquinolone antibacterial drugs. However, due to the many restrictions and side effects of these anti-bacterial medicines, people with weak immune systems and other diseases related to the immune system such as diabetes, In the case of AIDS patients, this drug can have serious harmful effects which can be seen as the life-threatening condition of the patient. Therefore, treatment of tuberculosis should be carefully treated with proper treatment and should be cured of the primary stage.

Plague

The epidemic of cholera, pimples, tuberculosis in the Asia region was lethal, and in Europe, there was a deadly epidemic of 'plague' from the far past . Yersinia pestis is responsible for bacterial plague diseases. Usually mammals are infected by these bacteria. Plague is mainly used in rats containing diseases . Yersinia pestis In fact, humans and other mammals are infected with plague in the presence of parasitic fish carried by bacteria carried by bacteria. Pigs can also spread from infected pets. Bacteria can also be plague from infected animals and fish bites.

                     Plague bacteria - Yersinia pestis

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The first known outbreak of the plague in the 6th century AD, in the history of knowledge , and about two hundred years after the plague epidemic. In this 200 years, about 25 million people died due to plague. In the 14th century, the plague epidemic spread throughout Europe. In this epidemic, almost 60 percent of the total population of Europe was abolished. This 'Black Death' is sometimes called 'Great Plague'. In the nineteenth century, the plague spread through the commercial ships of the Chinese seaport area. Nearly 10 million people died in the 20-year epidemic.

It is possible to heal the plague through modern antibiotics . Before the patient was late, the patient with the plague was cured. The plague-affected patients were cured. There are currently no pandemic outbreaks except in some areas of South Africa and Madagascar Dipunganj. In South Africa, 95 percent of the infection was detected.

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So this is a summary of the history of extinction of extinction and the breakdown of some of the famous pestilences in the epidemic caused by epidemic 'epidemics'. The next phase will be some of the successes of the latest surgical treatment system, the success of which can bring people back from almost sure death.

References: -

1.The Official Web Site of the Nobel Prize - Nobelprize.org

2 . National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), US National Library of Medicine

3 . World Health Organization (WHO)

4 .Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, US

5 . Book: What You Need to Know About Infectious Disease - Madeline Drexler; Institute of Medicine (US)