Black Holes are Optical Illusions
Visible light has a very specific range of wavelengths at which it occurs. When the particles of which that light is comprised pass a given mass, then it behaves in various ways.
When the given mass is small, it passes without being influenced because the force of gravity is small.
As the given mass increases, it can produce optical illusions such as an Einstein Cross.
This is the effect of gravity causing the light's pathing to bend.
What we notice when we look at systems in the universe is that they can become smaller and smaller in volume the more massive they are. This is counter-intuitive, as we can see from looking at various bodies such as atoms, planets, and small stars.
However, because visible light is a specific wavelength, as the mass in question increases, its influence on the specific wavelengths of visible light also increases. For a neutron star, we see them as having diameters in mere tens of miles. For a black hole, they appear to reach zero diameter.
The reality of the situation is that they are not so small. Rather, they are so massive that they gravitationally lens visible light coming from them. A neutron star is only massive enough to cause it to appear small in radius, while still having a radius. A black hole, though, is sufficiently massive so as to cause the visible light coming from it to be physically bent back in on itself so that none of the visible light coming from a black hole reaches Earth. And so, we see a gravitational anomaly that appears to be a singularity. This is an optical illusion.
If we look at a black hole in the X-ray spectrum, then we see a completely different picture. Due to the assumption that black holes are singularities from thinking only in the visible light spectrum, we have not considered the X-ray light coming from "around" a black hole for what it is: the photosphere of the black hole.
This image of M-81 was taken by NASA; it is located about 12 million light years away. In blue, Chandra X-ray Observatory data is shown. As X-ray light is higher frequency, the individual particles that the light is composed of are more massive than those of visible light (albeit still observably zero to our finite ability to see the infinite spectrum of the universe).
Notably, light has energy and E=mc^2; we have disregarded this and assumed that the particles of light are massless only because our technology is incapable of measuring their mass directly. These more massive particles are not able to be gravitationally lensed to the same degree as those of visible light due to their higher mass, and thus they are able to reach Earth without being bent back in on the black hole. Therefore, we are able to see the black hole more as it truly is: a voluminous, massive body.
See more details at: https://www.cascadinguniverse.org
Thanks for your time,
Steve Scully
word
I have read so much about black holes, and I literally understand none of it. Maybe it is gravitating my knowledge away.
Maybe ;D They are drastically misinterpreted because we do not understand the true extent of gravity's influence on shaping the universe. All current interpretations are based on the assumption that because we see nothing in the visible light spectrum that they are therefore singularities. In reality, they are just so massive that they influence visible light more than the less massive objects that we do see visible light from. They are not singularities but rather are extremely large in volume and their gravitational effects, due to their high relative mass, produce optical illusions that we have taken at "face value".
Everything, everything is the result of gravity. If you are interested, check out my other post on here to see how gravity produces electromagnetism and redshift per distance (which has also been misinterpreted to be due to motion, leading to the Big Bang model's added complexities of "expansion of space" and "dark energy"). The post is available at https://steemit.com/science/@stevescully/how-gravity-produces-electromagnetism-and-redshift-per-distance
Wow, that's so cool! Do you know if the particles that make up different wavelengths of light different or do are they the same particles but just have different masses? I vaguely remember learning about the wave-particle theory of light in college. I believe the particles I learned about were called photons.
Current theory is that light is massless, different from other particles in the universe. In reality, they are just so small in mass that our technology cannot detect it. Though, we have done experiments that show that light has a mass, such as Firstenberg et al.'s Attractive photons in a quantum nonlinear medium (https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v502/n7469/full/nature12512.html).
Light is a wave of particles just like a wave in the ocean, all things function the same.
The mass of the particles of light is directly related to the frequency. The lower the frequency, the lower the mass of the individual particles that make up that light, and vice versa. This makes specific wavelengths influenced by changing masses differently, which is why we do not see visible light coming from a black hole.
In reality, the low mass particles that make up visible light that do come from the black hole are physically bent back in on the black hole so that they never reach Earth. They then, just like neutrinos traveling through the Earth, can pass through the body of the black hole and travel repetitively in this way in a Figure-8 pattern. This is how sufficiently small particles can get stuck orbiting a given mass and become part of their electromagnetic field. In this way, gravity causes electromagnetism, by the flow of all such low mass systems traveling in this way.
-Steve
Thanks for your in-depth explanation!
You are welcome--sorry, I don't think I directly answered your question. As the mass of the light particles decreases, or increases, think of it as infinitesimal particles that if we zoomed in on them they would be alike to looking at our observable universe. Lets say blue light particles are black holes, where green light particles are stars and red light particles are planets. Just to give an idea. They are different, and yet they are the same. It is all dependent on the observer's building blocks' relative mass in how they see that particle.
Notably, these all function the same but at different time dilation due to their relative masses. All systems are all systems. For example, our solar system is a galaxy, but we see it as a solar system because we are composed specifically of atoms which have a relative mass compared to the particles of our solar system so as to make it appear as such.
There are an infinite number of levels within the universe and we are just arbitrarily on one. "Remove the observer", place it on another of the infinite levels, and they will see that level as their planet and the adjacent levels as we see our adjacent levels. This is how the universe has infinite dimensions as well.
I know that may be a bit much; if you are interested, I'd recommend checking out my video. It's a bit slow and quite long, and somewhat outdated, but I go into a lot of detail there.
Thanks for writing the detailed reply and sharing the video! I've always wondered whether people and planets might be a part of a larger organism, just like cells make up a living creature, but we'll probably never find out. In any case, it's an interesting universe!
You are welcome! The universe is reducible to the results of gravity alone because that is the mechanism that is used to create it all. From one thing, all that is arises. We, and every other thing that this universe is made up of, are each in fact a cell of a living creature: The Living God. The Universe is God; they are one and the same. And we are each a cell of God, in this way.
Again, I know that may be a bit much to claim. But it is demonstrable by the universe being reduced, in physics, to the result of gravity alone, and by the interconnectedness of all things.
It may seem impossible to find out, but with enough information and a step-by-step logical, scientific approach of deduction, we can see things as they truly are.
If I may tell you a story that is extremely anomalous to me:
When I was seeking answers in understanding the universe, my focus was on how redshift per distance in all directions was produced by gravitational redshift rather than motion, as all current models assume motion. I felt that, logically, the Milky Way galaxy should orbit another larger mass and this structure should, by gravitational redshift, produce our redshift per distance observations of distant galaxies (which are the basis of the Big Bang model due to assumption that they are caused by motion). From this it would demonstrate that "expansion of space" and "dark energy" are both just misinterpretations; non-realities. I felt that this was where the critical mistake was being made.
But this structure would, on the surface, create a dichotomy of half of the observable universe's galaxies blueshifted as their light moves towards that large object and the other half redshifted galaxies as their light moves away, to reach Earth. But I was stuck thinking linearly.
Then, as crazy as it sounds, a song told me the answer: "I will bend every light in the city and make sure it's shining on you." This lyric popped into my head, after months of listening to it and playing it on piano even, at just the right time while thinking about how that structure could produce gravitational redshift per distance in all directions, and I knew that the key element I was missing to explain how gravity was causing the observation was that this object the Milky Way orbits is so massive that it gravitationally lenses light so as to somehow produce redshift per distance in all directions.
Without any further information, I quit my job of 7 years as a patent examiner on the spot and quickly realized, from this, that the light from distant galaxies was traveling not linearly to arrive at Earth but rather in a Figure-8 orbital through the object to produce gravitational redshift per distance. This led me to understand how gravity causes electromagnetism (currently considered causeless), which has led me down a path of further ironing out more and more of the fundamental underlying way that things function, such as realizing the truth about black holes being optical illusions.
I was agnostic at the time, but I could not shake that a song had given me the missing link. It was too much for me to ignore and I dove into many things that I had never considered possible before only to find myself able to begin to grasp how interconnected our reality is. It is just the way things are. And is the fundamental foundation to the next steps of society's evolution; knowing that we, and all things, are all God.
craaazy stuff
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