Basic electricity / introduction
A little bit of history. More than 2000 years ago the Greeks discovered electricity, by rubbing amber* with a piece of cloth, attracting small pieces of feathers, etc., in fact the word "electricity" derives from the Greek word "amber". In 1749 the first big step was taken when Benjamin Franklin analyzed tiny sparks of charged bodies and gigantic sparks of lightning, talking about electric flow and how it could be transferred from one place to another, that is, electric current. From then on there were great discoveries, one after the other, until today, and their different applications, especially in electronics.
Electricity! How? When you rub a plastic balloon or pen with a cloth, it is said that it has been charged with electricity, that is to say, that with the friction it has been lost or won electrons, and therefore when you bring it closer to a body in balance of charges, for example a piece of paper, it is attracted by the pen, or it can also do it the cloth!
Matter is made up of atoms, and these in turn are made up of electrons (-), protons (+) and neutrons (neutral), with different types of charges being established in the bodies: negative (more electrons than protons), positive charges (fewer electrons than protons), and uncharged (same number of electrons as protons), so that the atoms attract (different charge) or repel (same charge) each other. The only ones that move in an atom are electrons, and the flow of these electrons from one atom to another is electricity.
When we can extract the electrons and transport them from one place to another by means of a conductor (electric cable), the electric current is produced, being the electrons attracted by a positively charged or neutral body, establishing a difference of potential or voltage (V) between the charges (e.g. 220 volts), that is to say, "the power of attraction between the charges", which together with the resistance (R) that the conductor has, will be the intensity (I) with which the electrons circulate, that is to say the electric current. Three electrical values to be taken into account
They told me and I forgot, I saw it and I understood it, I built it and I learned it.
Confucius
