A brief explanation of light

speed of light

Definition of light

Light is a visible elecromagnetic wave energy with a wavelength of about 380-750 nm. In the field of physics, light is electromagnetic radiation, either by visible or non-visible wavelengths. In addition, light is a package of particles called photons. Both of these definitions are properties that are shown by light simultaneously so-called "wave-particle dualism". The packet of light called the spectrum is then perceived visually by the sense of vision as color. The field of light study known as optics is an important research area in modern physics.

In physics, energy is the physical property of an object, can move through fundamental interactions, which can be transformed but can not be created or destroyed. Joule is the SI unit for energy, taken from the amount given to an object (through mechanical work) by moving it as far as 1 meter with the force of 1 newton.

The speed of light in the vacuum chamber usually symbolized by the letter c, is a universal physical constant that is important in many areas of physics. The value of the speed of light in a vacuum is 299,792,458 meters per second. This value is an exact value because it is used to define a standard meter unit (as a unit of length), as well as to define international standard time. This speed of light is equivalent to about 186,000 miles per second, or about 671 million miles per hour.

Special Relativity Theory

Based on the special reativity theory, c is the maximum speed at which all matter and information in the universe can move. In the theory of relativity, c has relation to space and time, and also to the equation of mass with Einstein energy E = m.c2 (E is energy, m is mass, c is the speed of light). The exact value of the velocity constant is 299,792,458 m / s or 299,792,458 km/s. The number of these constants in popular literature is often expressed in rounding values.

The theory of Relativity is one of the revolutionary theories in modern physics which was initiated by Albert Einstein in 1905 under the name of Special Theory of Relativity, which was then refined in 1916 under the name of Theory of General Relativity. Basically, this theory discusses the equality between space and time, which is then called space-time and the acting of particles as the speed approaches the speed of light.

Question

What Happens If We Move With Light Speed ?

Discussion

Actually in our daily lives, we sometimes also feel the difference in time caused to the force of gravity. To find out, we have to go to the theory of "Twin paradox theory".

In physics, the twin paradox is a thought experiment in special relativity involving identical twins, one of whom makes a journey into space in a high-speed rocket and returns home to find that the twin who remained on Earth has aged more.

The results of this experiment is seem confusing because each twin sees its other twin moves, and therefore, according to the improper and naive application of time and principle of relativity, each paradoxically will find the other to have less age. However, this scenario can be overcome in a special standard relativity framework: the twin travel trajectory involves two different inertial frames, one for outbound travel and one for incoming travel, so there is no symmetry between the spacetime paths of the twins. Therefore, the twin paradox is not a paradox in the sense of logical contradiction.

From experement it Looks unreasonable, so does the scientist who first introduced Einstein's theory. But this time, this theory has been proven by the existence of Telecommunications Satellites and GPS, When it was first launched in 1978, GPS satellites encountered an error of up to 5 km. This error is caused by the difference between the time of the earth on the surface and in the orbit. Because the time in orbit runs faster so that when it is not calibrated, the error gets farther away. Apparently the answer that makes the time become absolute is on the first and Prostate second.

Prostulate 1:	When two systems move in a straight order relative to each other, then all events that occur on one system take place the same on another system
Prostulate 2:	The speed of light is the same for all directions, independent of the motion of the light source or the observer

Well, this second Postulate that makes timing a dilation. Also known as Cosmic Speed Limit or Cosmos Speed Limit, Light Speed is the fastest speed in the Universe. Well, what's it influence ?

If assumed there is a rocket at the speed of light, inside the rocket it is expressed a flashlight with the speed of light too. But people outside the rocket will not see the light move with 2x the speed of light, but we must add Cosmic Speed Limit factor. Then we will get the equation of flashlight speed to silent observer:

If we enter v1 and v2 in the equation we will get:

which see by observers still the light from the flashlight speed c. We know that travel time is can be formulated with:

If the equation above is analyzed with the same s, if for speed 2c the time is t, then for speed c, time is 2t, then seen time will be 2x longer than previous time. This is what we can conclude that time will run longer on things near the speed of light.

This phenomenon is called dilation, and also it happens to everyone. It means that if we move near the speed of light, everyone who sees us will see that time will run slower for us: our watch is slower, our age slows down, our heart rate slows down, But we also see the same thing, the age of the people slows down, and so on. But if we go with the speed near the speed of light and then we return to earth at the speed of the earth, we will find the fact that during our journey, even though our ages are running normally as usual, happening on earth longer time has passed.

Conclusion

Based on the description above, it can be concluded that "relativity" is one of the pillars of modern physics, This theory is still about a hundred years old. Einstein's relativistic theory says that if something moves at a speed less than the speed of light, then it will never move beyond the speed of light. But that does not mean that no object move exceeds the speed of light. In theory can be understood that there are objects that can move beyond the speed of light (not experimentally proven). For objects moving beyond the speed of light Einstein's relativistic formula is no longer valid.
To understand it can be assumed that when we are in A we will never reach B (people will not be able to penetrate the horizon, except maybe when he died and became a spirit). But this does not mean that in B there is nothing. Had there been anything in B, things in B would never reach point A. as if there was an unbroken gulf between these two realms.

References:

1. Light
2. Energy
3. Twin Paradox Theory
4. Einstein's Theory of Relativity

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