Sunlight Detector Technology
Researchers are developing plans to dim the sunlight to reduce the impact of climate change.
They hope that man-made chemicals for sunlight can have a smaller risk than rising dangerous global temperatures. The so-called solar geo-engineering research will mimic a volcanic eruption that can cool the Earth by blocking sunlight with a gray curtain.
This kind of research is now ogled many parties in various rich countries and famous universities including Harvard University and Oxford University.
A total of 12 experts from various countries including Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Ethiopia, India, Jamaica and Thailand, wrote in the journal Nature this week that poor countries are most vulnerable to global warming and should be more involved.
"Developing countries must lead solar geo-engineering research. The whole idea of solar geo-engineering is mad, but gradually accepted in the world of research, "wrote researcher Atiq Rahman, who heads the Bangladesh Center for Advanced Studies.
Various studies on solar geoengineering have been assisted by a new $ 400,000 funding from the Open Philanthropy Project, a foundation co-found by Facebook Co-Founder Dustin Moskovitz and his wife Find Tuna.
"The funding can help researchers in developing countries study the impact of regional solar geo-engineering, such as droughts, floods, or rainy seasons," said Andy Parker, one of the researchers and project directors of the Solar Radiation Management Governance Initiative.
Rahman explained that academics also estimate that geo-engineering can work in the field. Be how much the proposed idea is that aircraft can spray clouds of sunlight-reflected sulfur particles in Earth's atmosphere.
"This technique is controversial and it is like that. It's too early to know what the impact is. It can also be very helpful or very damaging, "the researchers wrote. The United Nations climate expert team is still skeptical of the impact of solar geo-engineering.
"This may be economically, socially and clamming for the unfit," they said. Some of the risks, according to UN experts, are the possibility that this technique will interfere with weather patterns and will be difficult to stop when there is a change. This technology may not be too favored countries that want to change fossil fuels with cleaner energy.
Rahman explained that most developed countries have so far failed with their promise of cutting greenhouse gas emissions so radical options to limit global warming can be more interesting. The world today sets a target of warming three degrees celsius or more over the industrial eraprain.
This target is far above the goal to keep the temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius according to the Paris 2015 Agreement agreed by nearly 200 countries. Proponents of the project said the expensive and risky plan is crucial in finding ways to meet Paris's climate deal targets to prevent global warming.
The researchers call global warming a cause of the earth experiencing more heat waves, extreme rainfall, and rising sea levels. The UN says the targets are not possible to achieve only by reducing emissions from factories or vehicles.
Researchers also continue to look for new ways to keep the temperature of the earth cooler. Some researchers also designed a carbon dioxide suction in the air with a giant fan. Near Zurich, the Swiss company, Climeworks, began sucking greenhouse gases from the air with giant fans and filters in May.
The $ 23 million project is called the world's first commercial carbon dioxide catcher plant. Across the globe, direct air catcher research by companies like Climeworks has earned tens of millions of dollars in funding over the years from various sources, including governments in several countries, Microsoft Founder Bill Gates and the European Space Agency (ESA).
If carbon dioxide is buried underground once taken from the air, it can help reduce global warming. This radical move could cut emissions that are the main focus in the Paris Agreement.
Climeworks calculates the cost now about USD600 to extract a ton of carbon dioxide from the air and a full-capacity plant by the end of 2017 can only absorb 900 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year. That amount is equivalent to emissions per year for 45 US citizens only.
Climeworks also plans to sell carbon dioxide gas to nearby farmland as fertilizer to grow tomatoes and cucumbers. They also partner with Audi automotive companies to use carbon as an environmentally friendly fuel.
Director and Founder of Climeworks Jan Wurzbacher explained, his company has ambitions to cut costs up to USD100 per ton of carbon dioxide and capture 1% of global man-made carbon emissions per year by 2025.
"Since the Paris Agreement, the business has changed drastically, with changes in investor and shareholder interest away from carbon-use industries to prevent climate change," Wurzbacher said.
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