The first successful cases of cloning on our planet have more than two decades!

Early 1997, in Scotland, was announced the birth of the Dolly sheep, the first successful case of cloning.

It was a clone because Dolly shared the same DNA as her mother, that is, her cells possessed the same genetic material without any distinction, they were identical twins, but they were separated in a generation.

Can you imagine being born, and that you are exactly your mother? Even in all your DNA

How they did it?

After more than 277 unsuccessful attempts, scientists at the Roslin Institute in Scotland succeeded in getting a sheep to be born by a process called nuclear transfer.

In nuclear transfer, the genetic material is taken from an already grown (developed cell), and it acts as a donor to be transferred to an unfertilized ovum from which its own genetic material has been extracted.

Then, this ovum is subjected to small electric shocks so that it begins to divide to form an embryo.

Here we can have an overview of all the genetic material that we possess, because from a single cell was born an entire organism.

 
 

Scientists had the mistaken idea that if a cell was of the heart could only generate a heart, this was called specialized cells.
 
 

 
 

But Dolly was born from a cell extracted from her mother's mammary glands, thus, proving that a specialized cell could be completely re-programmed.

 
 

Despite the success at birth from cloning this brought some problems to the new sheep, since some of its characteristics started from an adult sheep (6 years) causing it to suffer some problems such as arthritis at an early age, a disease that was treated Successfully with anti-inflammatory pills, sheep usually live 12 years, and Dolly was a baby with a genetic material almost in the middle of the life of a sheep, this did not stop her from having pups, but had to be sacrificed for a lung cancer Which scientists do not relate to being a cloned being, because some sheep from nearby herds also suffered from this same cancer.

The odds of successful cloning are really low today, but we are getting closer to more successes.

Cloning consists, as we can almost intuit it in copying a genetic material to create a new identical life from which the material is extracted its copy.

Another curiosity: is that cloning has an asexual characteristic, why? Because sexual reproduction by its very nature brings with it multiple diversity allowing evolution, leaving aside a copy exactly the same.

So now, cloning is part of a genetic material extracted to create a whole body, and thus obtain the desired copy, but each day we are closer to being able to modify that genetic material, not to create an identical copy, but an improved organism which Has fewer natural deficiencies to prolong and evolve its characteristic in an unnatural way.

This can be a progress in medicine to treat diseases and create better cells that defend themselves against diseases as lethal as cancer.

It is also a double-edged weapon, depending on the hands that work on these projects to create better lives or destroy them with biological weapons or every day closer to science fiction, new beings used for a specific purpose, perhaps evil.

What do you think of cloning ? or About a human being cloned?

Leave me your comment!

Articles:
http://www.animalresearch.info/en/medical-advances/timeline/cloning-dolly-the-sheep/
https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/dolly_the_sheep.htm
http://dolly.roslin.ed.ac.uk/facts/the-life-of-dolly/index.html

Photos: http://www.wasteurtime.com/readers_delight/cloning_the_new_god/

Bye:

David D. Leplaid