[Blog] What is the concept of Christianity in Islamic opinion?

A phrase that quite often appears in the Qur'an is 'People of the Book' (Ahlul Kitab). This phrase refers to the religious communities who in their respective times also received the books of revelation from God. More specifically the scribes were the Jews and Christian (Christian). According to my common knowledge we hear, the Jews are the Children of Israel the people of Prophet Musa, while Christians (Christians) are the people of Prophet Isa as.we can classify these three religions including Islam are the three religions monotheistic and third the three unity of religions can be like a tree. Each religion claims to be the main stem of a true and vertical revelation tree. The other two religions are also considered branches which deviates from the main stem. The deviation of these two religions from the true main revelation has already been codified. The codification is the origin of Jew and modern Jews were codified mainly under the influence of Ezra and the Great Assembly in about 400 BC (BC). While Christianity, at least that is the way Christians proceed to modern times, especially codified through Paul's teachings (Saul of Tarsus).

Saul of Tarsus

It is no wonder then that today's Christian we see deviates from the teachings of Jesus (pbuh) as.For example, the Early Christian view was at least the same as Islam in response to the fact that Jesus (as) was crucified . The fact of many early Christian branches states that it is not the crucified Jesus (Prophet Isa as) can also be verified by looking at the so-called apocryphal gospels. For example, the gospel of Barnabas is Judas Iscariot rather than Jesus (Prophet Isa). that apocalypse of Peter (Peter is the disciple closest to Jesus), establishes that the crucifixion of Jesus is merely an apparition, not a reality. The crucified figure it is a substitute or a simulacrum. So be it the truth, although no one denies the fact that Contemporary Islam and Christian disagreed about whether Jesus (Jesus) was crucified or not, it is equally clear that there were early Christian branches like Islam, declared that Jesus was not crucified. Regardless of whether Contemporary Christians began to think or not rethink their own beliefs about the crucifixion of Jesus, it is hoped that through the facts expressed above they would have a more tolerant understanding of why Islam can claim that Jesus is not crucified.

Similarly, about the attributes of Jesus (Jesus), Islam believes that Jesus is a human being, but God chooses to be a Prophet and an Apostle. He is not one of three persons who share the same substance in the God of Trinity, nor is it literal is the "son of God" as contemporary Christians believe today. Islam believes only that Jesus is the Prophet and the apostle of the Lord to the Israelites. While justifying the birth of Jesus (Prophet Isa) from the womb of a virgin, Islam still declares that Jesus was created by God, not begotten by Him. Thus, the phrase "son of God" is nothing more than a misleading metaphor. However, we can not universally assume that Christians are as represented by Contemporary Christians, some early Christian branches were at least the same as the Islamic beliefs about Jesus (Prophet Isa as). In contrast to Christian Pauline (Crist Paul, who was the pioneer of modern Christianity) who considered Jesus (Jesus) to be both human and God, there was an early Christian branch that regarded Jesus as only a human being but was chosen by God to be an apostle. Among others, theologically adopted theology who believes that Jesus is just an ordinary human, miraculously conceived, and God grants wisdom and prophethood). This view is expressed by Theodotus who traveled from Byzantium to Rome. In sum, Theodotus insisted on rejecting the concept that Jesus is the Son of God and should be worshiped, for his view he was ostracized by Pope Viktor 1. Then there was Dionysus of Alexandria, ordained to bishop of Alexandria in 248-264 AD. Dionysus emphasized the subordination of Jesus under God, arguing that Jesus did not exist before birth, that, therefore there was a time when Jesus did not exist , and that Jesus is not eternal, For it is not something y eternally then Jesus should be a creation / poiema and a product / geneton (in the science of Islamic monotheism called Muhdis or the baharu). Little we mention about this according to the Islamic Tawhid Sciences. One of the attributes of Allah is Qadim, it shows that God never experienced nothing, and Baqa shows that God is eternal. So based on this it can be concluded that Dionysius's view is similar to Islam that Jesus is not God because it is not Qadim and Baqa.

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Pope Victor I

This view of early Christian adoptionism culminated in the teachings of Arius.Arius was born in Libya in 250 CE, ordained a priest in the church of Baucalis, Alexandria, Egypt.Uninya, Arius's teachings are often similar to Islam. (1) the life of Jesus as depicted in the canonical gospels shows that Jesus is not present, that he changes and develops all the time, and undergoes the stages of birth, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood and that he is limited , have a certain time to conceive and be born; therefore, Jesus is a creature of God, who is to be absent from the absence and without the same absolute uniqueness of God, having no equal substance with God and only as subordination before God.
Because the teaching that Arius brought (Arianism) developed rapidly, claiming that Jesus was only creation and different from God (as the Creator), then in September 323, officially Arius was excommunicated (excommunicated from Church membership Roman Catholicism). However, this excommunication was canceled a month later in October 323.Finally, Emperor Constantine was forced to convene the Council of Nicene in May 325. For those of you who have watched the movie The Davinci Code may know this fact.Here is probably the greatest deviation of Christianity.Under the pressure of Constantine's army, the council finally formalized the doctrine of Jesus as a substance with God (a substance with God) .Arius refused to sign this creed, and was therefore labeled a heretic who practiced heresy. In fact, many bishops refused to attend the Council of Nicene (only 300 bishops present), for fear of being forced by the military to embrace the theo view logical that they do not want. Many other bishops under armed pressure have ratified the creed of the Council of Nicaea, retracting their voices in Nicaea after returning to their respective places. That is the early Christian view of the issue of Jesus' nature. The facts are Adoptional teachings, Subordination , Arianism, and Theodorism are so similar to Islamic teachings about the nature of Jesus (Prophet Isa as).

Another issue that has made the Acehnese allergic to Christianity is their way of conceptualizing the nature of God. Contemporary Islam and Christianity (Christianity today) differ in views of the nature of God, nevertheless, some early Christian branches were strictly uncompromisingly agreeing with the Islamic concept of God's nature , in which God is the One and the Divine Substance (in Islamic Tawhid Sciences demonstrated by the nature of Wahdaniyah). Furthermore, as reported by the New Testament, the Oneness of God can also be emphasized in every word of Jesus;

            "Then a scribe, who heard Jesus and the Sadducees arguing
              Answer and know that Jesus gave the people right answers
             Come to him and ask; "Which law is the most important?" Jesus
             Answering; "The chief law is: Hear O Israel, our Lord God,
            God is One "(Mark 12: 28-29)

            Early Christian branches supported the Islamic concept of the unity of God. Those who adopted Arianism, Anomoeism, Nestorianism, denied the concept of the God of the Trinity and recognized the unity of God and the humanity of Jesus. God (Tauhid).
          And how do Muslims interact with Christians?

First, In the Year 622, the Prophet Muhammad issued a Medina covenant (safihat al-Madinah). This agreement details the relationship between the Muhajirin (Muslims who migrated from Mecca to Medina) with non-Muslims inhabitants of Madinah. The Madinah Agreement specifically stipulated that the Jews of Medina were a community of believing Muslims, that they were free to embrace and practice their own religion. The Medina treaty binds Jews and Arabs to unity in an Islamic State. The treaty also forbids both sides from committing sins -dosa concerning prejudice against others, and mandating that their relationship be mutually based on the same suggestions, consultations and good deeds.

            "Al-Irbad bin Sariyat Al-Sulami said: The Prophet said:" God does not allow it
            You (Muslims) to enter the house of the experts of the Book without their permission, or to beat
            Their women, ......... (HR Abu Dawud)

Secondly, in the days of the Byzantine Empire, as if it were a Christian government, ruthlessly killing Jews and Christian groups such as Nestorians and Arians. Compared to the tyranny they experienced under Christian brothers, the Christian community viewed the Muslim government as more secure freedom of religion and their worship, tolerance and flexibility. Thus, many Jewish and Christian communities cooperated with Muslims in taking over the vast territories of the Byzantine Empire. That hopes and dreams of religious minorities previously persecuted, both Jews and the Christian splinter, against the Christian-like Byzantine kingdom, is not betrayed by Muslims. This story can be illustrated as follows; (1) When entering the Islamic territory led by Caliph Umar bin Khattab, specifically guarantees the protection and property of Christians living in Jerusalem, Lod, Bethlehem. Announce that their churches must be respected, and forbid the taking over of the church Christianity as their place of worship (2) when Al-Madain, now known as Iraq, became part of the Islamic State, a declaration of protection was given to the Nestorian Pratiark, Yeshuyab III (650-660), by the Islamic government. Christians, churches are protected by the Muslim government. Pratiark Nestorian later wrote to the Persian bishop that Muslims "did not attack Christianity, but tended to respect our faith, honor our pastors, and benefit our churches "

Thus a brief discussion of the Christian concept